Effect of Smoking, Hypertension and Lifestyle Factors on Kidney Cancer - Perspectives for Prevention and Screening Programmes

Overview

Journal Nat Rev Urol

Specialty Urology

Date 2023 Jun 16

PMID 37328546

Authors

Riccardo Campi

Giacomo Rebez

Tobias Klatte

Eduard Roussel

Idir Ouizad

Alexander Ingels

Nicola Pavan

Onder Kara

Selcuk Erdem

Riccardo Bertolo

Umberto Capitanio

Maria Carmen Mir

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) incidence has doubled over the past few decades. However, death rates have remained stable as the number of incidental renal mass diagnoses peaked. RCC has been recognized as a European health care issue, but to date, no screening programmes have been introduced. Well-known modifiable risk factors for RCC are smoking, obesity and hypertension. A direct association between cigarette consumption and increased RCC incidence and RCC-related death has been reported, but the underlying mechanistic pathways for this association are still unclear. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of RCC, but interestingly, improved survival outcomes have been reported in obese patients, a phenomenon known as the obesity paradox. Data on the association between other modifiable risk factors such as diet, dyslipidaemia and physical activity with RCC incidence are conflicting, and potential mechanisms underlying these associations remain to be elucidated.

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