Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Indigenous Peoples of Brazil: Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated with Death

Overview

Journal J Racial Ethn Health Disparities

Specialties Public Health
Social Sciences

Date 2023 Jun 14

PMID 37314690

Authors

Thiago Emanuel Rodrigues Novaes

Darlan Martins Lara

Shana Ginar da Silva

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) represents a serious public health problem for the indigenous peoples of Brazil, since acute respiratory infections are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in this population.

Objective: To assess cases of SARS in Brazilian indigenous peoples in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as sociodemographic and health factors associated with deaths from SARS in this population.

Methods: Ecological study carried out based on secondary data from the Brazilian Database for Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza referring to the Brazilian indigenous population with SARS in 2020. The variables included sociodemographic factors and health conditions. Statistical analyses were carried out considering absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies and logistic regression with odds ratios (OR), with death as the outcome of interest.

Results: A total of 3062 cases were reported in the analyzed period. Of these, there was a predominance of men (54.6%), adults (41.4%), with comorbidities (52.3%), with low levels of schooling (67.4%) and residents of rural areas (55.8%). Cases and deaths were concentrated in the states of Amazonas and Mato Grosso do Sul, states in the North and Midwest of Brazil. A greater chance of death was observed in elderly indigenous people (OR = 6.29; 95%CI 4.71-8.39), with low levels of schooling (OR = 1.72; 95%CI 1.22-2.28), residents of rural areas (OR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.12-1.62), and with comorbidities (OR = 1.87; 95%CI 1.42-2.46), especially obesity (OR = 2.56; 95%CI 1.07-6.11).

Conclusion: The study was able to trace the clinical-epidemiological profile, as well as identify the groups of indigenous people most vulnerable to SARS as a result of COVID-19 and evolution to death in Brazil. The findings show the high impact on the morbidity and mortality of the Brazilian indigenous population exposed to SARS and are relevant for epidemiological health surveillance, since they can guide preventive public policy actions and quality of life measures for this ethnic group in Brazil.

Citing Articles

Updated Surveillance Metrics and History of the COVID-19 Pandemic (2020-2023) in Latin America and the Caribbean: Longitudinal Trend Analysis.

Post L, Wu S, Soetikno A, Ozer E, Liu Y, Welch S JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2024; 10():e44398.

PMID: 38568194 PMC: 11129782. DOI: 10.2196/44398.

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