Chromosome Karyotype and Stability of New Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat

Overview

Journal Mol Breed

Specialties Biotechnology
Molecular Biology

Date 2023 Jun 13

PMID 37309315

Authors

Yajuan Wang

Siwen Wang

Xiujuan Jia

Zengrong Tian

Yongfu Wang

Changyou Wang

Hong Zhang

Xinlun Liu

Jixin Zhao

Pingchuan Deng

Wanquan Ji

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Synthetic hexaploid wheat offers breeders ready access to potentially novel genetic variation in wild ancestral species. In this study, we crossed MY3478 (2 = 4 = 28, AABB) as the maternal parent with the stripe rust-resistant SY41 (2 = 2 = 14, DD) as the paternal parent to construct the new hexaploid wheat line NA0928 through natural allopolyploidization. Agronomic traits and the cytology of the S-S generations of NA0928 were analyzed. Abundant variation in agronomic traits was observed among each strain of NA0928 in the S generation. Agronomic traits were superior in strains resistant to stripe rust compared with those of highly susceptible strains. The rank order of the coefficients of variation were tiller number (55.3%) > spike length (15.3%) > number of spikelets (13.9%) > plant height (8.7). Number of tillers and spike length are important traits in wheat breeding to improve yield. Cytological observation and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the chromosome number and configuration showed rich variation among NA0928 strains in the S generation. Chromosome number ranged from 36 to 44. Variation in chromosome karyotype was detected in the A and B subgenomes. Meiotic chromosome behavior in pollen mother cells and multicolor genomic in situ hybridization revealed that two new synthetic hexaploid wheat strains showed genetic stability; one strain was resistant to stripe rust and developed multiple tillers, and the other strain was susceptible to stripe rust, but both showed improved thousand-kernel weight (TKW) weight and produced multiple tillers. The two strains will be valuable germplasm resources for use in wheat breeding.

Citing Articles

Genetic Improvement and Application Practices of Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat.

Wan H, Yang F, Li J, Wang Q, Liu Z, Tang Y Genes (Basel). 2023; 14(2).

PMID: 36833210 PMC: 9956247. DOI: 10.3390/genes14020283.

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