Overview of Molecular Detection Technologies for in Lung Cancer

Overview

Journal Cancers (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Oncology

Date 2023 Jun 10

PMID 37296895

Authors

Carina Heydt

Michaela Angelika Ihle

Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

MET tyrosine kinase receptor pathway activation has become an important actionable target in solid tumors. Aberrations in the proto-oncogene, including MET overexpression, the activation of mutations, mutations that lead to exon 14 skipping, gene amplifications, and fusions, are known to be primary and secondary oncogenic drivers in cancer; these aberrations have evolved as predictive biomarkers in clinical diagnostics. Thus, the detection of all known aberrations in daily clinical care is essential. In this review, current molecular technologies for the detection of the different aberrations are highlighted, including the benefits and drawbacks. In the future, another focus will be on the standardization of detection technologies for the delivery of reliable, quick, and affordable tests in clinical molecular diagnostics.

Citing Articles

Targeting the MET gene: unveiling therapeutic opportunities in immunotherapy within the tumor immune microenvironment of non-small cell lung cancer.

Ye L, Wang W, Li H, Ji Y, Le X, Xu X Ther Adv Med Oncol. 2024; 16:17588359241290733.

PMID: 39483139 PMC: 11526239. DOI: 10.1177/17588359241290733.

ALK-tyrosine kinase inhibitor intrinsic resistance due to -amplification in metastatic -rearranged non-small cell lung cancer effectively treated by alectinib-crizotinib combination-case report.

Urbanska E, Grauslund M, Berger S, Costa J, Koffeldt P, Sorensen J Transl Lung Cancer Res. 2024; 13(9):2453-2462.

PMID: 39430327 PMC: 11484720. DOI: 10.21037/tlcr-24-439.

The rapidly changing field of predictive biomarkers of non-small cell lung cancer.

Toth L, Mokanszki A, Mehes G Pathol Oncol Res. 2024; 30:1611733.

PMID: 38953007 PMC: 11215025. DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611733.

The Different Roles of MET in the Development and Treatment of Cancer.

Mollerup J, Jorgensen J Cancers (Basel). 2023; 15(20).

PMID: 37894454 PMC: 10605179. DOI: 10.3390/cancers15205087.

Up-regulation by overexpression of c-MET in fibroblastic foci of usual interstitial pneumonia.

Melocchi L, Cervi G, Sartori G, Gandolfi L, Jocolle G, Cavazza A Pathologica. 2023; 115(6):308-317.

PMID: 37812383 PMC: 10767799. DOI: 10.32074/1591-951X-920.

References

Kim P, Jia P, Zhao Z . Kinase impact assessment in the landscape of fusion genes that retain kinase domains: a pan-cancer study. Brief Bioinform. 2016; 19(3):450-460. PMC: 5952959. DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbw127. View

Tsai J, Hata A, Lennerz J . MET D1228N and D1246N are the Same Resistance Mutation in MET Exon 14 Skipping. Oncologist. 2021; 26(12):e2297-e2301. PMC: 8649016. DOI: 10.1002/onco.13924. View

Srivastava A, Hollingshead M, Weiner J, Navas T, Evrard Y, Khin S . Pharmacodynamic Response of the MET/HGF Receptor to Small-Molecule Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Examined with Validated, Fit-for-Clinic Immunoassays. Clin Cancer Res. 2016; 22(14):3683-94. PMC: 7802886. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-15-2323. View

Awad M, Oxnard G, Jackman D, Savukoski D, Hall D, Shivdasani P . MET Exon 14 Mutations in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Are Associated With Advanced Age and Stage-Dependent MET Genomic Amplification and c-Met Overexpression. J Clin Oncol. 2016; 34(7):721-30. DOI: 10.1200/JCO.2015.63.4600. View

Iveson T, Donehower R, Davidenko I, Tjulandin S, Deptala A, Harrison M . Rilotumumab in combination with epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine as first-line treatment for gastric or oesophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma: an open-label, dose de-escalation phase 1b study and a double-blind, randomised phase 2 study. Lancet Oncol. 2014; 15(9):1007-18. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(14)70023-3. View

Poirot B, Doucet L, Benhenda S, Champ J, Meignin V, Lehmann-Che J . MET Exon 14 Alterations and New Resistance Mutations to Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors: Risk of Inadequate Detection with Current Amplicon-Based NGS Panels. J Thorac Oncol. 2017; 12(10):1582-1587. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.07.026. View

Zheng Z, Liebers M, Zhelyazkova B, Cao Y, Panditi D, Lynch K . Anchored multiplex PCR for targeted next-generation sequencing. Nat Med. 2014; 20(12):1479-84. DOI: 10.1038/nm.3729. View

Camidge D, Otterson G, Clark J, Ou S, Weiss J, Ades S . Crizotinib in Patients With MET-Amplified NSCLC. J Thorac Oncol. 2021; 16(6):1017-1029. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.02.010. View

Frampton G, Ali S, Rosenzweig M, Chmielecki J, Lu X, Bauer T . Activation of MET via diverse exon 14 splicing alterations occurs in multiple tumor types and confers clinical sensitivity to MET inhibitors. Cancer Discov. 2015; 5(8):850-9. DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.CD-15-0285. View

10.

Feng Y, Thiagarajan P, Ma P . MET signaling: novel targeted inhibition and its clinical development in lung cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2012; 7(2):459-67. DOI: 10.1097/JTO.0b013e3182417e44. View

11.

Jorgensen J, Mollerup J . Companion Diagnostics and Predictive Biomarkers for MET-Targeted Therapy in NSCLC. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(9). PMC: 9105764. DOI: 10.3390/cancers14092150. View

12.

Finocchiaro G, Toschi L, Gianoncelli L, Baretti M, Santoro A . Prognostic and predictive value of MET deregulation in non-small cell lung cancer. Ann Transl Med. 2015; 3(6):83. PMC: 4416957. DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2305-5839.2015.03.43. View

13.

Ryan C, Rosenthal M, Ng S, Alumkal J, Picus J, Gravis G . Targeted MET inhibition in castration-resistant prostate cancer: a randomized phase II study and biomarker analysis with rilotumumab plus mitoxantrone and prednisone. Clin Cancer Res. 2012; 19(1):215-24. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-2605. View

14.

Schmidt L, Duh F, Chen F, Kishida T, Glenn G, Choyke P . Germline and somatic mutations in the tyrosine kinase domain of the MET proto-oncogene in papillary renal carcinomas. Nat Genet. 1997; 16(1):68-73. DOI: 10.1038/ng0597-68. View

15.

Salgia R . MET in Lung Cancer: Biomarker Selection Based on Scientific Rationale. Mol Cancer Ther. 2017; 16(4):555-565. DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-16-0472. View

16.

Fujino T, Suda K, Mitsudomi T . Lung Cancer with exon 14 Skipping Mutation: Genetic Feature, Current Treatments, and Future Challenges. Lung Cancer (Auckl). 2021; 12:35-50. PMC: 8290191. DOI: 10.2147/LCTT.S269307. View

17.

Davies K, Lomboy A, Lawrence C, Yourshaw M, Bocsi G, Camidge D . DNA-Based versus RNA-Based Detection of MET Exon 14 Skipping Events in Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol. 2019; 14(4):737-741. DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.12.020. View

18.

Plenker D, Bertrand M, de Langen A, Riedel R, Lorenz C, Scheel A . Structural Alterations of MET Trigger Response to MET Kinase Inhibition in Lung Adenocarcinoma Patients. Clin Cancer Res. 2017; 24(6):1337-1343. DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-3001. View

19.

Park M, Dean M, Cooper C, Schmidt M, OBrien S, Blair D . Mechanism of met oncogene activation. Cell. 1986; 45(6):895-904. DOI: 10.1016/0092-8674(86)90564-7. View

20.

Suh J, Johnson A, Albacker L, Wang K, Chmielecki J, Frampton G . Comprehensive Genomic Profiling Facilitates Implementation of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network Guidelines for Lung Cancer Biomarker Testing and Identifies Patients Who May Benefit From Enrollment in Mechanism-Driven Clinical Trials. Oncologist. 2016; 21(6):684-91. PMC: 4912374. DOI: 10.1634/theoncologist.2016-0030. View