Multi-omics Blood Atlas Reveals Unique Features of Immune and Platelet Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Breakthrough Infection

Overview

Journal Immunity

Publisher Cell Press

Specialty Allergy & Immunology

Date 2023 May 31

PMID 37257450

Authors

Hong Wang

Cuicui Liu

Xiaowei Xie

Mingming Niu

Yingrui Wang

Xuelian Cheng

Biao Zhang

Dong Zhang

Mengyao Liu

Rui Sun

Yezi Ma

Shihui Ma

Huijun Wang

Guoqing Zhu

Yang Lu

Baiming Huang

Pei Su

Xiaoyuan Chen

Jingjing Zhao

Hongtao Wang

Long Shen

Lixia Fu

Qianqian Huang

Yang Yang

He Wang

Chunlong Wu

Weigang Ge

Chen Chen

Qianyu Huo

Qingping Wang

Ying Wang

Li Geng

Yan Xie

Yi Xie

Lijun Liu

Jianwei Qi

Huaiyong Chen

Junping Wu

Erlie Jiang

Wentao Jiang

Ximo Wang

Zhongyang Shen

Tiannan Guo

Jiaxi Zhou

Ping Zhu

Tao Cheng

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Although host responses to the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strain are well described, those to the new Omicron variants are less resolved. We profiled the clinical phenomes, transcriptomes, proteomes, metabolomes, and immune repertoires of >1,000 blood cell or plasma specimens from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron patients. Using in-depth integrated multi-omics, we dissected the host response dynamics during multiple disease phases to reveal the molecular and cellular landscapes in the blood. Specifically, we detected enhanced interferon-mediated antiviral signatures of platelets in Omicron-infected patients, and platelets preferentially formed widespread aggregates with leukocytes to modulate immune cell functions. In addition, patients who were re-tested positive for viral RNA showed marked reductions in B cell receptor clones, antibody generation, and neutralizing capacity against Omicron. Finally, we developed a machine learning model that accurately predicted the probability of re-positivity in Omicron patients. Our study may inspire a paradigm shift in studying systemic diseases and emerging public health concerns.

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