Protective Effects of Vitamin D (cholecalciferol) on Vancomycin-induced Oxidative Nephrotoxic Damage in Rats

Overview

Journal Pharm Biol

Specialties Pharmacology
Pharmacy

Date 2023 May 4

PMID 37139624

Authors

Rouba Yasser Al-Sroji

Shaza Al-Laham

Ahmad Almandili

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Context: Vancomycin (VCM), an important antibiotic against refractory infections, has been used to treat secondary infections in severe COVID-19 patients. Regrettably, VCM treatment has been associated with nephrotoxicity. Vitamin D can prevent nephrotoxicity through its antioxidant effect.

Objective: This study tests the antioxidant effect of vitamin D in the prevention of VCM-induced nephrotoxicity.

Materials And Methods: Wistar Albino rats (21) were randomly divided into 3 groups: (A) control; (B) VCM 300 mg/kg daily for 1 week; and (C) VCM plus vitamin D 500 IU/kg daily for 2 weeks. All the rats were sacrificed and serum was separated to determine kidney function parameters. Their kidneys were also dissected for histological examination and for oxidative stress markers.

Results: Lipid peroxidation, creatinine, and urea levels decreased significantly ( < 0.0001) in the vitamin D-treated group (14.46, 84.11, 36.17%, respectively) compared to the VCM group that was given VCM (MIC<2 μg/mL) only. A significant increase was observed in superoxide dismutase levels in the vitamin D-treated group ( < 0.05) compared to rats without treatment. Furthermore, kidney histopathology of the rats treated with vitamin D showed that dilatation, vacuolization and necrosis tubules decreased significantly ( < 0.05) compared with those in the VCM group. Glomerular injury, hyaline dystrophy, and inflammation improved significantly in the vitamin D group ( < 0.001, < 0.05, < 0.05, respectively) compared with the VCM group.

Discussion And Conclusions: Vitamin D can prevent VCM nephrotoxicity. Therefore, the appropriate dose of this vitamin must be determined, especially for those infected with COVID-19 and receiving VCM, to manage their secondary infections.

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