A Review of Special Considerations on Insulin Resistance Induced Hyperandrogenemia in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: A Prominent COVID-19 Risk Factor

Overview

Journal Int J Mol Cell Med

Specialty Genetics

Date 2023 Apr 24

PMID 37091038

Authors

Jamshid Roozbeh

Sahar Janfeshan

Afsoon Afshari

Aida Doostkam

Ramin Yaghobi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infecting mechanism depends on hosting angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) as essential components and androgens as regulators for inducing the expression of these components. Therefore, hyperandrogenism-related disease such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in insulin resistant women in reproductive-age is a high-risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Here, we describe the signaling pathways that might increase the susceptibility and severity of this new pandemic in PCOS women with insulin resistance (IR). Luteinizing hormone and insulin increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in these patients via the induction of steroidogenic enzymes expression through cAMP-response element binding protein and Forkhead box protein O1 (FOXO1), respectively. TMPRSS2 expression is activated through phosphorylation of FOXO1 in ovaries. In other words, SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with temporary IR by affecting ACE2 and disturbing β-pancreatic function. Therefore, PCOS, IR, and SARS-CoV-2 infection are three corners of the triangle that have complicated relations, and their association might increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and severity.

Citing Articles

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Health and Health Care Experience in Those With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome.

Sydora B, Wilke M, Ghosh M, Vine D Int J Womens Health. 2025; 17:287-298.

PMID: 39925784 PMC: 11806697. DOI: 10.2147/IJWH.S504439.

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