Antibodies Against the Ebola Virus Soluble Glycoprotein Are Associated with Long-term Vaccine-mediated Protection of Non-human Primates

Overview

Journal Cell Rep

Publisher Cell Press

Specialties Biology
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology

Date 2023 Apr 16

PMID 37061918

Authors

Bronwyn M Gunn

Ryan P McNamara

Lianna Wood

Sabian Taylor

Anush Devadhasan

Wenyu Guo

Jishnu Das

Avlant Nilsson

Amy Shurtleff

Sheri Dubey

Michael Eichberg

Todd J Suscovich

Erica Ollmann Saphire

Douglas Lauffenburger

Beth-Ann Coller

Jakub K Simon

Galit Alter

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The 2013 Ebola epidemic in Central and West Africa heralded the emergence of wide-spread, highly pathogenic viruses. The successful recombinant vector vaccine against Ebola (rVSVΔG-ZEBOV-GP) will limit future outbreaks, but identifying mechanisms of protection is essential to protect the most vulnerable. Vaccine-induced antibodies are key determinants of vaccine efficacy, yet the mechanism by which vaccine-induced antibodies prevent Ebola infection remains elusive. Here, we exploit a break in long-term vaccine efficacy in non-human primates to identify predictors of protection. Using unbiased humoral profiling that captures neutralization and Fc-mediated functions, we find that antibodies specific for soluble glycoprotein (sGP) drive neutrophil-mediated phagocytosis and predict vaccine-mediated protection. Similarly, we show that protective sGP-specific monoclonal antibodies have elevated neutrophil-mediated phagocytic activity compared with non-protective antibodies, highlighting the importance of sGP in vaccine protection and monoclonal antibody therapeutics against Ebola virus.

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