Impact of Drug Exposure on Neonates Requiring ECMO: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Overview

Journal Front Pediatr

Specialty Pediatrics

Date 2023 Apr 13

PMID 37051432

Authors

Hallie Walther

Aric Schadler

Karen Garlitz

John A Bauer

Lindsay Kohler

Erika Waldsmith

Hubert O Ballard

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The incidence of drug exposure (IUDE) and neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) utilization have both increased over the past decade. However, there are no studies to date that examine the impact that IUDE has on neonates requiring ECMO. In this retrospective cohort study, we compared the clinic course and outcomes of neonates who were placed on ECMO with IUDE vs. neonates without IUDE. Analysis included data extracted from medical records from all neonatal ECMO runs between January 2014 and January 2021 at the University of Kentucky Children's Hospital. A total of 56 neonatal patients were placed on ECMO during this time period and there were a total of 57 ECMO runs. Nearly one-third of neonates (16) had documented IUDE. There were no differences in gestational age, length of ECMO run, survival to discharge, or number of major complications while on ECMO in the neonates with IUDE compared to those without. In contrast, greater use of sedative and analgesic adjuvant medications during ECMO was required for IUDE-ECMO cases (< 0.01). Trending results indicated that post-ECMO feeding complications and total hospitalization length were also greater in the IUDE-ECMO group. These findings illustrate the complex influence of prenatal drug exposures on neonatal patient care and warrant the development of clinical care strategies optimized for this unique patient group.

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