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Role of T Cells in Vaccine-Mediated Immunity Against Marek's Disease

Overview
Journal Viruses
Publisher MDPI
Specialty Microbiology
Date 2023 Mar 30
PMID 36992357
Authors
Affiliations
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Abstract

Marek's disease virus (MDV), a highly cell-associated oncogenic α-herpesvirus, is the etiological agent of T cell lymphomas and neuropathic disease in chickens known as Marek's disease (MD). Clinical signs of MD include neurological disorders, immunosuppression, and lymphoproliferative lymphomas in viscera, peripheral nerves, and skin. Although vaccination has greatly reduced the economic losses from MD, the molecular mechanism of vaccine-induced protection is largely unknown. To shed light on the possible role of T cells in immunity induced by vaccination, we vaccinated birds after the depletion of circulating T cells through the IP/IV injection of anti-chicken CD4 and CD8 monoclonal antibodies, and challenged them post-vaccination after the recovery of T cell populations post-treatment. There were no clinical signs or tumor development in vaccinated/challenged birds with depleted CD4 or CD8 T cells. The vaccinated birds with a combined depletion of CD4 and CD8 T cells, however, were severely emaciated, with atrophied spleens and bursas. These birds were also tumor-free at termination, with no virus particles detected in the collected tissues. Our data indicated that CD4 and CD8 T lymphocytes did not play a critical role in vaccine-mediated protection against MDV-induced tumor development.

Citing Articles

Immune escape of avian oncogenic Marek's disease herpesvirus and antagonistic host immune responses.

Zhu Z, Teng M, Liu Y, Chen F, Yao Y, Li E NPJ Vaccines. 2024; 9(1):109.

PMID: 38879650 PMC: 11180173. DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00905-0.

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