Membrane Tension Induces F-actin Reorganization and Flow in a Biomimetic Model Cortex

Overview

Journal Commun Biol

Specialty Biology

Date 2023 Mar 27

PMID 36973388

Authors

Ryota Sakamoto

Deb Sankar Banerjee

Vikrant Yadav

Sheng Chen

Margaret L Gardel

Cecile Sykes

Shiladitya Banerjee

Michael P Murrell

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The accumulation and transmission of mechanical stresses in the cell cortex and membrane determines the mechanics of cell shape and coordinates essential physical behaviors, from cell polarization to cell migration. However, the extent that the membrane and cytoskeleton each contribute to the transmission of mechanical stresses to coordinate diverse behaviors is unclear. Here, we reconstitute a minimal model of the actomyosin cortex within liposomes that adheres, spreads and ultimately ruptures on a surface. During spreading, accumulated adhesion-induced (passive) stresses within the membrane drive changes in the spatial assembly of actin. By contrast, during rupture, accumulated myosin-induced (active) stresses within the cortex determine the rate of pore opening. Thus, in the same system, devoid of biochemical regulation, the membrane and cortex can each play a passive or active role in the generation and transmission of mechanical stress, and their relative roles drive diverse biomimetic physical behaviors.

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