Daily Artificial Gravity is Associated with Greater Neural Efficiency During Sensorimotor Adaptation

Overview

Journal Cereb Cortex

Publisher Oxford University Press

Specialty Neurology

Date 2023 Mar 23

PMID 36958815

Authors

Grant D Tays

Kathleen E Hupfeld

Heather R McGregor

Nichole E Beltran

Igor S Kofman

Yiri E De Dios

Edwin R Mulder

Jacob J Bloomberg

Ajitkumar P Mulavara

Scott J Wood

Rachael D Seidler

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Altered vestibular signaling and body unloading in microgravity results in sensory reweighting and adaptation. Microgravity effects are well-replicated in head-down tilt bed rest (HDBR). Artificial gravity (AG) is a potential countermeasure to mitigate the effects of microgravity on human physiology and performance. We examined the effectiveness of daily AG for mitigating brain and/or behavioral changes in 60 days of HDBR. One group received AG for 30 minutes daily (AG; n = 16) and a control group spent the same time in HDBR but received no AG (CTRL; n = 8). All participants performed a sensorimotor adaptation task five times during fMRI scanning: twice prior to HDBR, twice during HDBR, and once following HDBR. The AG group showed similar behavioral adaptation effects compared with the CTRLs. We identified decreased brain activation in the AG group from pre to late HDBR in the cerebellum for the task baseline portion and in the thalamus, calcarine, cuneus, premotor cortices, and superior frontal gyrus in the AG group during the early adaptation phase. The two groups also exhibited differential brain-behavior correlations. Together, these results suggest that AG may result in a reduced recruitment of brain activity for basic motor processes and sensorimotor adaptation. These effects may stem from the somatosensory and vestibular stimulation that occur with AG.

Citing Articles

Daily artificial gravity partially mitigates vestibular processing changes associated with head-down tilt bedrest.

Tays G, Hupfeld K, McGregor H, Beltran N, De Dios Y, Mulder E NPJ Microgravity. 2024; 10(1):27.

PMID: 38472244 PMC: 10933323. DOI: 10.1038/s41526-024-00367-7.

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