Association of Sociodemographic, Proximal, and Distal Clinical Factors with Current Suicidal Ideation: Findings from a Nonclinical Sample of Young Adults

Overview

Journal Eur Psychiatry

Publisher Cambridge University Press

Specialty Psychiatry

Date 2023 Feb 27

PMID 36847110

Authors

Blazej Misiak

Jerzy Samochowiec

Lukasz Gaweda

Dorota Frydecka

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Accumulating evidence indicates that a variety of distal and proximal factors might impact a risk of suicide. However, the association between both groups of factors remains unknown. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to investigate the interplay between distal and proximal correlates of the current suicidal ideation.

Methods: A total of 3,000 individuals (aged 18-35 years, 41.7% males), who had reported a negative history of psychiatric treatment, were enrolled through an online computer-assisted web interview. Self-reports were administered to measure: (a) distal factors: a history of childhood trauma (CT), reading disabilities (RDs), symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), lifetime history of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), lifetime problematic substance use as well as family history of schizophrenia and mood disorders; (b) proximal factors: depressive symptoms, psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), and insomnia; and (c) sociodemographic characteristics.

Results: Suicidal ideation was directly associated with unemployment, being single, higher level of RD, lifetime history of NSSI as well as higher severity of PLEs, depression, and insomnia. The association of distal factors with suicidal ideation was fully (a history of CT and symptoms of ADHD) or partially (a history of NSSI and RD) mediated by proximal factors (PLEs, depression, and insomnia).

Conclusions: Main findings from this study posit the role of distal factors related to neurodevelopmental disorders, CT and NSSI in shaping suicide risk. Their effects might be partially or fully mediated by depression, PLEs, and insomnia.

Citing Articles

Association between childhood maltreatment and suicidal ideation among Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia: the mediating role of insomnia.

Hao Y, Peng P, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Chen S, Wu Q BJPsych Open. 2024; 10(3):e98.

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Effects of the interaction between PTSD and ADHD symptoms on the level of reporting psychotic-like experiences: findings from a non-clinical population.

Gelner H, Karska J, Gaweda L, Samochowiec J, Misiak B Front Psychiatry. 2023; 14:1232606.

PMID: 37867761 PMC: 10587572. DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1232606.

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