» Articles » PMID: 36846663

Overview
Journal Heliyon
Specialty Social Sciences
Date 2023 Feb 27
PMID 36846663
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Studies confirm that children with cerebral palsy (CwCP) have difficulty with simple, everyday movements like reaching for objects. Accurate reaching requires that shoulder and elbow joints are coordinated to move the hand along a smooth path to the desired target location. Here we examined multijoint coordination by comparing reaching performance in the affected and unaffected limbs of CwCP (nine children, six girls and three boys, aged 8-10 years) to reaching performance in the non-dominant and dominant limbs of typically-developing age- and gender-matched control (CTR) children. The hypothesis was that CwCP would show the effects of coordination deficits in both their affected and unaffected limbs. All children performed two sessions (one session with each arm) of speeded reaching movements to three targets arranged to manipulate the required pattern of shoulder and elbow coordination. The movements were tracked with a motion tracker allowing us to assess the following measures: movement distance, duration, and speed, hand-path deviation from linearity, final position accuracy and precision, and measures of shoulder and elbow excursion. We found that CwCP made reaches that covered a greater distance and took more time, that their shoulder and elbow rotations were larger, and that their movements showed greater deviation from linearity than the movements performed by CTR children. Children with CP were also more variable than CTR children on every measure except movement duration. The pattern of shoulder and elbow rotation observed in the CwCP group represents a coordination pattern that is significantly different from the pattern used by CTR children and may represent a greater reliance by CwCP on proximal muscular control systems. The discussion section considers the role that the cortical-spinal system may play in multijoint coordination.

References
1.
Kuczynski A, Kirton A, Semrau J, Dukelow S . Bilateral reaching deficits after unilateral perinatal ischemic stroke: a population-based case-control study. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2018; 15(1):77. PMC: 6097295. DOI: 10.1186/s12984-018-0420-9. View

2.
Aboelnasr E, Hegazy F, Altalway H . Kinematic characteristics of reaching in children with hemiplegic cerebral palsy: A comparative study. Brain Inj. 2016; 31(1):83-89. DOI: 10.1080/02699052.2016.1210230. View

3.
Sainburg R, Poizner H, Ghez C . Loss of proprioception produces deficits in interjoint coordination. J Neurophysiol. 1993; 70(5):2136-47. PMC: 10710694. DOI: 10.1152/jn.1993.70.5.2136. View

4.
Kukke S, Curatalo L, de Campos A, Hallett M, Alter K, Damiano D . Coordination of Reach-to-Grasp Kinematics in Individuals With Childhood-Onset Dystonia Due to Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng. 2015; 24(5):582-590. PMC: 4720582. DOI: 10.1109/TNSRE.2015.2458293. View

5.
Sainburg R, Kalakanis D . Differences in control of limb dynamics during dominant and nondominant arm reaching. J Neurophysiol. 2000; 83(5):2661-75. PMC: 10709817. DOI: 10.1152/jn.2000.83.5.2661. View