A Cross-Sectional Investigation of Preadolescent Cardiometabolic Health: Associations with Fitness, Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Nutrition, and Sleep

Overview

Journal Children (Basel)

Specialty Health Services

Date 2023 Feb 25

PMID 36832464

Authors

Nicholas Castro

Gabriel Zieff

Lauren C Bates

Patricia Pagan Lassalle

Simon Higgins

James Faulkner

Sally Lark

Paula Skidmore

Michael J Hamlin

T Leigh Signal

Michelle A Williams

Lee Stoner

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk often begins early in life. Healthy lifestyle behaviors can mitigate risk, but the optimal combination of behaviors has not been determined. This cross-sectional study simultaneously examined the associations between lifestyle factors (fitness, activity behaviors, and dietary patterns) and CMD risk in preadolescent children.

Methods: 1480 New Zealand children aged 8-10 years were recruited. Participants included 316 preadolescents (50% female, age: 9.5 ± 1.1 years, BMI: 17.9 ± 3.3 kg/m). Fitness (cardiorespiratory fitness [CRF], muscular fitness), activity behaviors (physical activity, sedentary, sleep), and dietary patterns were measured. Factor analysis was used to derive a CMD risk score from 13 variables (adiposity, peripheral and central hemodynamics, glycemic control, and blood lipids).

Results: Only CRF (β = -0.45, < 0.001) and sedentary time (β = 0.12, = 0.019) were associated with the CMD risk score in the adjusted multivariable analysis. CRF was found to be nonlinear (VO max ≤ ≈42 mL/kg/min associated with higher CMD risk score), and thus a CRF polynomial term was added, which was also associated (β = 0.19, < 0.001) with the CMD risk score. Significant associations were not found with sleep or dietary variables.

Conclusion: The findings indicate that increasing CRF and decreasing sedentary behavior may be important public health targets in preadolescent children.

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