Sp.-ameliorated Undesirable Microenvironment Promotes Diabetic Wound Healing

Chronic diabetic wound remains a critical challenge suffering from the complicated negative microenvironments, such as high-glucose, excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypoxia and malnutrition. Unfortunately, few strategies have been developed to ameliorate the multiple microenvironments simultaneously. In this study, sp. (Chlorella) hydrogels were prepared against diabetic wounds. experiments demonstrated that living Chlorella could produce dissolved oxygen by photosynthesis, actively consume glucose and deplete ROS with the inherent antioxidants, during the daytime. At night, Chlorella was inactivated by chlorine dioxide with human-body harmless concentration to utilize its abundant contents. It was verified that the inactivated-Chlorella could supply nutrition, relieve inflammation and terminate the oxygen-consumption of Chlorella-respiration. The advantages of living Chlorella and its contents were integrated ingeniously. The abovementioned functions were proven to accelerate cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis . Then, streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice were employed for further validation. The outcomes confirmed that Chlorella could ameliorate the undesirable microenvironments, including hypoxia, high-glucose, excessive-ROS and chronic inflammation, thereby synergistically promoting tissue regeneration. Given the results above, Chlorella is considered as a tailor-made therapeutic strategy for diabetic wound healing.