The Effect of Orthotics on Plantar Pressure in Children with Infantile Tibia Vara (Blount's Disease)

Overview

Journal Sci Rep

Specialty Science

Date 2023 Feb 22

PMID 36804454

Authors

Enver Guven

Seyit Citaker

Serap Alsancak

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Albeit some studies have revealed the effectiveness of the orthosis use in infantile tibia vara (ITV), hitherto no study has shown the effects of these orthosis on plantar pressures. This study aims to reveals the effects of orthosis on plantar pressure in infantile tibia vara. Fourteen children (mean age: 27.14 ± 5.00 months) with infantile tibia vara made up the study group and 14 healthy children (mean age: 26.42 ± 5.33 months) constituted the control group. The plantar pressure distribution was evaluated with WALKINSENSE. ITV group was evaluated before and after orthosis. The control group did not use orthosis and was evaluated once. After orthosis, it was determined that lateral foot pressure decreased, and medial foot pressure increased in the hindfoot. After orthosis, medial pressure decreased in the forefoot (p < 0.05). The pressure in the forefoot of the control group was significantly higher than that in the ITV group (before and after orthosis) (p < 0.05). After orthosis, the pressure was similar in the posterior and mid-foot sensors between the ITV group and the control group (p˃0.05). The orthosis can be effective in achieving the normalization of the soles pressure distribution in children with ITV.

References

Henderson R, Greene W . Etiology of late-onset tibia vara: is varus alignment a prerequisite?. J Pediatr Orthop. 1994; 14(2):143-6. DOI: 10.1097/01241398-199403000-00002. View

Alsancak S, Guner S, Kinik H . Orthotic variations in the management of infantile tibia vara and the results of treatment. Prosthet Orthot Int. 2013; 37(5):375-83. DOI: 10.1177/0309364612471369. View

Pauk J, Daunoraviciene K, Ihnatouski M, Griskevicius J, Raso J . Analysis of the plantar pressure distribution in children with foot deformities. Acta Bioeng Biomech. 2010; 12(1):29-34. View

Lung C, Mo P, Cao C, Zhang K, Wu F, Liau B . Effects of walking speeds and durations on the plantar pressure gradient and pressure gradient angle. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022; 23(1):823. PMC: 9426236. DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05771-2. View

Oleas-Santillan G, Kazmi F, Thacker M, Harcke H, Lawall 3rd H, Bowen J . Infantile Tibia Vara (Blount Disease) with Iatrogenic Changes Causing Residual Tibial Deformities. J Surg Orthop Adv. 2020; 29(3):141-148. View

Messier S, Pittala K . Etiologic factors associated with selected running injuries. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1988; 20(5):501-5. View

Healy A, Burgess-Walker P, Naemi R, Chockalingam N . Repeatability of WalkinSense® in shoe pressure measurement system: A preliminary study. Foot (Edinb). 2012; 22(1):35-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.foot.2011.11.001. View

Bertsch C, Unger H, Winkelmann W, Rosenbaum D . Evaluation of early walking patterns from plantar pressure distribution measurements. First year results of 42 children. Gait Posture. 2004; 19(3):235-42. DOI: 10.1016/S0966-6362(03)00064-X. View

Kwon O, Mueller M . Walking patterns used to reduce forefoot plantar pressures in people with diabetic neuropathies. Phys Ther. 2001; 81(2):828-35. DOI: 10.1093/ptj/81.2.828. View

10.

LaMont L, McIntosh A, Jo C, Birch J, Johnston C . Recurrence After Surgical Intervention for Infantile Tibia Vara: Assessment of a New Modified Classification. J Pediatr Orthop. 2017; 39(2):65-70. DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000000933. View

11.

Burghardt R, Herzenberg J, Strahl A, Bernius P, Kazim M . Treatment failures and complications in patients with Blount disease treated with temporary hemiepiphysiodesis: a critical systematic literature review. J Pediatr Orthop B. 2018; 27(6):522-529. DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0000000000000523. View

12.

Thompson G, Carter J . Late-onset tibia vara (Blount's disease). Current concepts. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1990; (255):24-35. View

13.

SALENIUS P, Vankka E . The development of the tibiofemoral angle in children. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1975; 57(2):259-61. View

14.

Viitasalo J, Kvist M . Some biomechanical aspects of the foot and ankle in athletes with and without shin splints. Am J Sports Med. 1983; 11(3):125-30. DOI: 10.1177/036354658301100304. View

15.

Laville J, Wiart Y, Salmeron F . Can Blount's disease heal spontaneously?. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2010; 96(5):531-5. DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2010.03.015. View

16.

Thompson G, Carter J, Smith C . Late-onset tibia vara: a comparative analysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 1984; 4(2):185-94. DOI: 10.1097/01241398-198403000-00007. View

17.

Messier S, Davies A, Moore D, Davis S, Pack R, Kazmar S . Severe obesity: effects on foot mechanics during walking. Foot Ankle Int. 1994; 15(1):29-34. DOI: 10.1177/107110079401500106. View

18.

Van Gheluwe B, Kirby K, Hagman F . Effects of simulated genu valgum and genu varum on ground reaction forces and subtalar joint function during gait. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc. 2005; 95(6):531-41. DOI: 10.7547/0950531. View

19.

Janoyer M . Blount disease. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res. 2018; 105(1S):S111-S121. DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2018.01.009. View

20.

Sabharwal S, Sabharwal S . Treatment of Infantile Blount Disease: An Update. J Pediatr Orthop. 2017; 37 Suppl 2:S26-S31. DOI: 10.1097/BPO.0000000000001027. View