Current Landscape of Methods to Evaluate Antimicrobial Activity of Natural Extracts

Overview

Journal Molecules

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2023 Feb 11

PMID 36770734

Authors

Rebeca Gonzalez-Pastor

Saskya E Carrera-Pacheco

Johana Zuniga-Miranda

Cristina Rodriguez-Polit

Arianna Mayorga-Ramos

Linda P Guaman

Carlos Barba-Ostria

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Natural extracts have been and continue to be used to treat a wide range of medical conditions, from infectious diseases to cancer, based on their convenience and therapeutic potential. Natural products derived from microbes, plants, and animals offer a broad variety of molecules and chemical compounds. Natural products are not only one of the most important sources for innovative drug development for animal and human health, but they are also an inspiration for synthetic biology and chemistry scientists towards the discovery of new bioactive compounds and pharmaceuticals. This is particularly relevant in the current context, where antimicrobial resistance has risen as a global health problem. Thus, efforts are being directed toward studying natural compounds' chemical composition and bioactive potential to generate drugs with better efficacy and lower toxicity than existing molecules. Currently, a wide range of methodologies are used to analyze the activity of natural extracts to determine their suitability as antimicrobial agents. Despite traditional technologies being the most employed, technological advances have contributed to the implementation of methods able to circumvent issues related to analysis capacity, time, sensitivity, and reproducibility. This review produces an updated analysis of the conventional and current methods to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of natural compounds.

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