Dyslipidemia Prevalence in Nonobese, Nondiabetic Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Does Sex Matter?

Overview

Journal J Clin Sleep Med

Specialties Neurology
Psychiatry

Date 2023 Jan 28

PMID 36708260

Authors

Ozen K Basoglu

Mehmet Sezai Tasbakan

Meral Kayikcioglu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Study Objectives: Dyslipidemia in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been attributed to confounding obesity and/or diabetes. This study aimed to examine lipid profiles in nondiabetic, nonobese patients with OSA and identify the possible effects of age and sex.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the lipid parameters of 3,050 adults who underwent polysomnography. A total of 2,168 patients were excluded due to obesity (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m), diabetes, alcoholism, untreated hypothyroidism, lipid-lowering drug use, missing sleep data, or treatment for suspected OSA.

Results: Of 882 patients (75% males, aged 46.8 ± 12.2 years) included in the study, 88.4% had OSA. Levels of total cholesterol ( = .003), low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ( = .005), non-high-density-lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol ( = .001), and triglycerides ( = .007) were significantly higher in patients with OSA than in those without, whereas HDL-cholesterol levels did not differ. The proportion of patients with hypercholesterolemia and/or elevated non-HDL cholesterol (> 160 mg/dL) was significantly higher in OSA than in non-OSA. Correlation analyses by sex revealed stronger and more significant relationships between lipid parameters and apnea-hypopnea index in women than in men ( = .135, < .001, vs = .080, = .043 for total cholesterol; = .111, < .001, vs = .080, = .046 for non-HDL cholesterol; = .122, < .001, vs = .061, = .107 for LDL cholesterol, respectively). In regression analysis, the rate of hypercholesterolemia increased with age ( < .001 for women and = .031 for men); non-HDL- and LDL-cholesterol levels significantly increased with OSA severity ( = .035 and = .023, respectively) and age ( = .004 and = .001, respectively) in women.

Conclusions: After excluding confounding obesity and diabetes, patients with OSA have an impaired lipid profile including total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. A significant association between dyslipidemia and OSA severity was observed in women but not in men.

Citation: Basoglu OK, Tasbakan MS, Kayikcioglu M. Dyslipidemia prevalence in nonobese, nondiabetic patients with obstructive sleep apnea: does sex matter? . 2023;19(5):889-898.

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