Development and Efficacy of Tryptophol-containing Emulgel for Reducing Subcutaneous Fungal Nodules from Eumycetoma

Overview

Journal Res Pharm Sci

Specialty Chemistry

Date 2023 Jan 27

PMID 36704435

Authors

Thitinan Kitisin

Watcharamat Muangkaew

Sumate Ampawong

Nichapa Sansurin

Natthawut Thitipramote

Passanesh Sukphopetch

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background And Purpose: Subcutaneous infections caused by present as chronic eumycetomatous manifestations in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Serious adverse effects/toxicities from the long-term use of antifungal drugs and antifungal resistance have been reported in patients with infections. The present study aimed to determine the anti- activities of fungal quorum sensing molecule known as tryptophol (TOH) and to develop a TOH-containing emulgel for treating eumycetoma.

Experimental Approach: Anti- activities of TOH were determined and compared with voriconazole. Effects of TOH on biofilm formation and human foreskin fibroblast (HFF)-1 cell cytotoxicity were determined. Moreover, TOH-containing emulgel was developed and physical properties, and antifungal activities against eumycetoma were evaluated.

Findings/results: The minimal concentration of TOH at 100 µM exhibited anti- activities by reducing growth rate, germination rate, and biofilm formation with less cytotoxicity to HFF-1 cells than voriconazole. Further study on the development of an emulgel revealed that TOH-containing emulgel exhibited excellent physical properties including homogeneity, consistency, and stability. Treatment by TOH-containing emulgel significantly reduced subcutaneous mass in a mouse model of eumycetoma. The histopathological assessment showed marked improvement after 14 days of TOH-containing emulgel treatment.

Conclusion And Implications: TOH could be used as an anti-fungal agent against infections. A novel and stable TOH-containing emulgel was developed with excellent anti- activities suggesting the utilization of TOH-containing emulgel as an innovative therapeutic approach in the treatment of eumycetoma.

Citing Articles

The study of tryptophol containing emulgel on fungal reduction and skin irritation.

Kitisin T, Muangkaew W, Thitipramote N, Pudgerd A, Sukphopetch P Sci Rep. 2023; 13(1):18881.

PMID: 37919393 PMC: 10622431. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-46121-z.

Emulgels: Promising Carrier Systems for Food Ingredients and Drugs.

Milutinov J, Krstonosic V, Cirin D, Pavlovic N Polymers (Basel). 2023; 15(10).

PMID: 37242878 PMC: 10223308. DOI: 10.3390/polym15102302.

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