Gender Differences in Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Pre-Frailty in Japanese Rural Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2023 Jan 21

PMID 36673846

Authors

Aki Shibata

Asuka Suzuki

Kenzo Takahashi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Purpose: To prevent frailty, it is necessary to focus on pre-frailty and consider preventive interventions that incorporate social aspects. This study aimed to explore socio-demographic associations with pre-frailty, focusing on modifiable social factors among community-dwelling older adults in a rural Japanese city.

Methods: We conducted a self-administered survey on social, physical, and mental factors, and basic attributes, in September 2021. Respondents were classified as frail, pre-frail, or healthy according to their The Kihon Checklist scores. Of the 494 valid responses, 93 respondents classified as pre-frail and 110 as healthy were analyzed. The socio-demographic associations with pre-frailty were investigated by multiple logistic regression, and interactions between gender and other factors were examined.

Results: The analysis identified that for both genders, no-community participation in middle age (odds ratio [OR], 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-2.92) was found to be a social factor associated with pre-frailty. Having friends who listen to one's concerns (OR, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.26-5.10) was a factor for women.

Conclusions: This study showed that modifiable social factors associated with pre-frailty were community involvement and being able to share concerns with friends. The findings suggest the need for support that emphasizes social aspects to prevent pre-frailty.

Citing Articles

Fear of Falling Score Is a Predictor of Falls in Community-Dwelling Pre-Frail and Frail Older People.

Prieto-Contreras L, Martinez-Arnau F, Sancho-Cantus D, Cubero-Plazas L, Perez-Ros P Healthcare (Basel). 2023; 11(15).

PMID: 37570373 PMC: 10419298. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11152132.

References

Okamoto H, Okada S, Shirasawa M . [Factors associated with social activities among the elderly in a metropolitan area: physical, psychological, and socio-environmental parameters]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2006; 53(7):504-15. View

Carlisle K, Farmer J, Taylor J, Larkins S, Evans R . Evaluating community participation: A comparison of participatory approaches in the planning and implementation of new primary health-care services in northern Australia. Int J Health Plann Manage. 2018; . DOI: 10.1002/hpm.2523. View

Saadeh M, Welmer A, Dekhtyar S, Fratiglioni L, Calderon-Larranaga A . The Role of Psychological and Social Well-being on Physical Function Trajectories in Older Adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020; 75(8):1579-1585. PMC: 7357580. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glaa114. View

Woo J, Goggins W, Sham A, Ho S . Social determinants of frailty. Gerontology. 2005; 51(6):402-8. DOI: 10.1159/000088705. View

Morley J, Vellas B, Abellan van Kan G, Anker S, Bauer J, Bernabei R . Frailty consensus: a call to action. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2013; 14(6):392-7. PMC: 4084863. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2013.03.022. View

Assantachai P, Muangpaisan W, Intalapaporn S, Jongsawadipatana A, Arai H . Kihon Checklist: Thai version. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2021; 21(8):749-752. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14213. View

Li S, Fan W, Zhu B, Ma C, Tan X, Gu Y . Frailty Risk Prediction Model among Older Adults: A Chinese Nation-Wide Cross-Sectional Study. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022; 19(14). PMC: 9322778. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148410. View

Kishi R, Horikawa N . [Role of the social support network which influences age of death and physical function of elderly people: study of trends in and outside of Japan and future problems]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2004; 51(2):79-93. View

Bowling A . Social support and social networks: their relationship to the successful and unsuccessful survival of elderly people in the community. An analysis of concepts and a review of the evidence. Fam Pract. 1991; 8(1):68-83. DOI: 10.1093/fampra/8.1.68. View

10.

Kumagai S, Watanabe S, Shibata H, Amano H, Fujiwara Y, Shinkai S . [Effects of dietary variety on declines in high-level functional capacity in elderly people living in a community]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2004; 50(12):1117-24. View

11.

Ofori-Asenso R, Chin K, Mazidi M, Zomer E, Ilomaki J, Zullo A . Global Incidence of Frailty and Prefrailty Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. JAMA Netw Open. 2019; 2(8):e198398. PMC: 6681553. DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.8398. View

12.

Arizaga-Iribarren N, Irazusta A, Mugica-Errazquin I, Virgala-Garcia J, Amonarraiz A, Kortajarena M . Sex Differences in Frailty Factors and Their Capacity to Identify Frailty in Older Adults Living in Long-Term Nursing Homes. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(1). PMC: 9819974. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010054. View

13.

Choi N, Kim J, DiNitto D, Marti C . Perceived Social Cohesion, Frequency of Going Out, and Depressive Symptoms in Older Adults: Examination of Longitudinal Relationships. Gerontol Geriatr Med. 2017; 1:2333721415615478. PMC: 5119803. DOI: 10.1177/2333721415615478. View

14.

Ayeni A, Sharples A, Hewson D . The Association between Social Vulnerability and Frailty in Community Dwelling Older People: A Systematic Review. Geriatrics (Basel). 2022; 7(5). PMC: 9601580. DOI: 10.3390/geriatrics7050104. View

15.

Sewo Sampaio P, Sampaio R, Yamada M, Ogita M, Arai H . Validation and translation of the Kihon Checklist (frailty index) into Brazilian Portuguese. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2013; 14(3):561-9. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12134. View

16.

Tao A, Zhang Y, Qiu X, Arai H, Wang Q . Simplified Chinese translation of the Kihon checklist. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2020; 20(6):643-644. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13910. View

17.

Sewo Sampaio P, Sampaio R, Yamada M, Arai H . Systematic review of the Kihon Checklist: Is it a reliable assessment of frailty?. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2016; 16(8):893-902. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12833. View

18.

Esenkaya M, Dokuzlar O, Soysal P, Smith L, Jackson S, Isik A . Validity of the Kihon Checklist for evaluating frailty status in Turkish older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2019; 19(7):616-621. DOI: 10.1111/ggi.13678. View

19.

Seino S, Kitamura A, Tomine Y, Tanaka I, Nishi M, Nofuji Y . [Awareness of the term "frailty" and its correlates among older adults living in a metropolitan area]. Nihon Koshu Eisei Zasshi. 2020; 67(6):399-412. DOI: 10.11236/jph.67.6_399. View

20.

Gobbens R, Luijkx K, Wijnen-Sponselee M, Schols J . In search of an integral conceptual definition of frailty: opinions of experts. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2010; 11(5):338-43. DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2009.09.015. View