Bridging the Gap Between Research and the Community: Implementing Physical and Cognitive Interventions to Improve Spontaneous Walking Speed in Older Adults

Overview

Journal Int J Environ Res Public Health

Publisher MDPI

Specialties Environmental Health
Public Health

Date 2023 Jan 8

PMID 36613083

Authors

Kristell Pothier

Navin Kaushal

Tudor Vrinceanu

Maxime Lussier

Nathalie Bailly

Francis Comte

Thien Tuong Minh Vu

Nicolas Berryman

Louis Bherer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The application of interventions to enhance mobility in ecological settings remain understudied. This study was developed to evaluate the feasibility of training methods in a community centre and to evaluate their impact on mobility outcomes. Fifty-four participants were randomized to one of three 12-week training programs (three times/week): aerobic (AE), gross motor abilities (GMA) or cognitive (COG). Feasibility was evaluated by calculating adherence, feedback from participants and long-term participation. The impact of these interventions on mobility was assessed by comparing pre- and post-program on Timed-up-and-go (TUG) and spontaneous walking speed (SWS) performances. Results showed relatively high rates of adherence (85.1%) and long-term participation (66.7%), along with favorable feedbacks. SWS significantly improved in COG (0.10 ± 0.11 m.s; = 0.004) and AE (0.06 ± 0.11 m.s; = 0.017) groups, and TUG performance was maintained in all groups. Results of this feasibility study demonstrated successful implementation of physical and cognitive training programs, encouraging the development of real-world applications.

References

Henderson R, Leng X, Chmelo E, Brinkley T, Lyles M, Marsh A . Gait speed response to aerobic versus resistance exercise training in older adults. Aging Clin Exp Res. 2016; 29(5):969-976. PMC: 6407416. DOI: 10.1007/s40520-016-0632-4. View

Dunstan D, Vulikh E, Owen N, Jolley D, Shaw J, Zimmet P . Community center-based resistance training for the maintenance of glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2006; 29(12):2586-91. DOI: 10.2337/dc06-1310. View

Bohannon R, Andrews A . Normal walking speed: a descriptive meta-analysis. Physiotherapy. 2011; 97(3):182-9. DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2010.12.004. View

Berryman N, Bherer L, Nadeau S, Lauziere S, Lehr L, Bobeuf F . Multiple roads lead to Rome: combined high-intensity aerobic and strength training vs. gross motor activities leads to equivalent improvement in executive functions in a cohort of healthy older adults. Age (Dordr). 2014; 36(5):9710. PMC: 4156938. DOI: 10.1007/s11357-014-9710-8. View

Lussier M, Saillant K, Vrinceanu T, Hudon C, Bherer L . Normative Data for a Tablet-Based Dual-Task Assessment in Healthy Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol. 2020; 36(7):1316-1325. PMC: 8517623. DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acaa121. View

Yesavage J . Geriatric Depression Scale. Psychopharmacol Bull. 1988; 24(4):709-11. View

Middleton A, Fritz S, Lusardi M . Walking speed: the functional vital sign. J Aging Phys Act. 2014; 23(2):314-22. PMC: 4254896. DOI: 10.1123/japa.2013-0236. View

Trost S, Owen N, Bauman A, Sallis J, Brown W . Correlates of adults' participation in physical activity: review and update. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2002; 34(12):1996-2001. DOI: 10.1097/00005768-200212000-00020. View

Bredin S, Gledhill N, Jamnik V, Warburton D . PAR-Q+ and ePARmed-X+: new risk stratification and physical activity clearance strategy for physicians and patients alike. Can Fam Physician. 2013; 59(3):273-7. PMC: 3596208. View

10.

Dupuy O, Lussier M, Fraser S, Bherer L, Audiffren M, Bosquet L . Effect of overreaching on cognitive performance and related cardiac autonomic control. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2012; 24(1):234-42. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01465.x. View

11.

Yogev-Seligmann G, Hausdorff J, Giladi N . The role of executive function and attention in gait. Mov Disord. 2007; 23(3):329-42. PMC: 2535903. DOI: 10.1002/mds.21720. View

12.

Li K, Roudaia E, Lussier M, Bherer L, Leroux A, McKinley P . Benefits of cognitive dual-task training on balance performance in healthy older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2010; 65(12):1344-52. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glq151. View

13.

Folstein M, Folstein S, McHugh P . "Mini-mental state". A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res. 1975; 12(3):189-98. DOI: 10.1016/0022-3956(75)90026-6. View

14.

Van Abbema R, de Greef M, Craje C, Krijnen W, Hobbelen H, van der Schans C . What type, or combination of exercise can improve preferred gait speed in older adults? A meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr. 2015; 15:72. PMC: 4488060. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-015-0061-9. View

15.

Abellan van Kan G, Rolland Y, Andrieu S, Bauer J, Beauchet O, Bonnefoy M . Gait speed at usual pace as a predictor of adverse outcomes in community-dwelling older people an International Academy on Nutrition and Aging (IANA) Task Force. J Nutr Health Aging. 2009; 13(10):881-9. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-009-0246-z. View

16.

Pothier K, Vrinceanu T, Intzandt B, Bosquet L, Karelis A, Lussier M . A comparison of physical exercise and cognitive training interventions to improve determinants of functional mobility in healthy older adults. Exp Gerontol. 2021; 149:111331. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111331. View

17.

Podsiadlo D, Richardson S . The timed "Up & Go": a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc. 1991; 39(2):142-8. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.1991.tb01616.x. View

18.

Stillman C, Cohen J, Lehman M, Erickson K . Mediators of Physical Activity on Neurocognitive Function: A Review at Multiple Levels of Analysis. Front Hum Neurosci. 2016; 10:626. PMC: 5161022. DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00626. View

19.

Hardy S, Perera S, Roumani Y, Chandler J, Studenski S . Improvement in usual gait speed predicts better survival in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007; 55(11):1727-34. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01413.x. View

20.

Demnitz N, Esser P, Dawes H, Valkanova V, Johansen-Berg H, Ebmeier K . A systematic review and meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies examining the relationship between mobility and cognition in healthy older adults. Gait Posture. 2016; 50:164-174. PMC: 5081060. DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2016.08.028. View