Influence of a 12-Month Structured Exercise Program on the Micronutrient-Cognitive Fitness-Physical Association Profiles in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Overview

Journal J Alzheimers Dis Rep

Publisher IOS Press

Date 2023 Jan 6

PMID 36606208

Authors

Hannah Weigert

Tim Stuckenschneider

Lena Pickert

Andrea Rossi

Anna M Meyer

Gereon Nelles

Ralf-Joachim Schulz

Wilhelm Stahl

Stefan Schneider

M Cristina Polidori

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Preventive lifestyle strategies have shown promise to slow down or prevent age-related cognitive decline. However, evidence on the reciprocal longitudinal relationships between nutrition biomarkers and cognitive and physical performance is lacking. Studying nutritional, cognitive, and physical profiles over time may help to overcome this knowledge gap.

Objective: To investigate the relationship of plasma levels of the robust nutritional- and antioxidant defense-related biomarkers carotenoids and tocopherols with both indicators of cognitive and physical performance in persons with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) participating in a structured exercise program.

Methods: Data from 40 participants with MCI of the NeuroExercise study were analyzed. Participants had undergone a blood withdrawal for the analysis of plasma concentrations of six carotenoids, two tocopherols and retinol prior to and after one-year of structured exercise. All participants had undergone a broad spectrum of cognitive and physical performance tests.

Results: Significant associations between lipophilic micronutrients and cognitive/physical measures were observed that were previously found to play a role in cognitive and physical frailty. In particular, lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene are confirmed as robust, reliable, and stable indicators of nutritional defense. Importantly, these micronutrients were associated with cognitive measures prior to the physical training program and to a more prominent extent with indicators of motoric function after the physical exercise program.

Conclusion: Specific profiles of lipophilic micronutrients are associated to cognitive performance measures and, especially after a structured exercise program, to indicators of physical performance.

References

Panahi Y, Hosseini M, Khalili N, Naimi E, Majeed M, Sahebkar A . Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of curcuminoid-piperine combination in subjects with metabolic syndrome: A randomized controlled trial and an updated meta-analysis. Clin Nutr. 2015; 34(6):1101-8. DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2014.12.019. View

Goda A, Murata S, Nakano H, Matsuda H, Yokoe K, Mitsumoto H . Temporal Patterns in Performance of the 30 Second Chair-Stand Test Evince Differences in Physical and Mental Characteristics Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults in Japan. Healthcare (Basel). 2020; 8(2). PMC: 7349553. DOI: 10.3390/healthcare8020146. View

Gomes B, Silva J, Romeiro C, Santos S, Rodrigues C, Goncalves P . Neuroprotective Mechanisms of Resveratrol in Alzheimer's Disease: Role of SIRT1. Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2018; 2018:8152373. PMC: 6232815. DOI: 10.1155/2018/8152373. View

Merry T, Ristow M . Do antioxidant supplements interfere with skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise training?. J Physiol. 2015; 594(18):5135-47. PMC: 5023714. DOI: 10.1113/JP270654. View

REITAN R . The relation of the trail making test to organic brain damage. J Consult Psychol. 1955; 19(5):393-4. DOI: 10.1037/h0044509. View

Stuckenschneider T, Sanders M, Devenney K, Aaronson J, Abeln V, Claassen J . NeuroExercise: The Effect of a 12-Month Exercise Intervention on Cognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment-A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial. Front Aging Neurosci. 2021; 12:621947. PMC: 7840533. DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.621947. View

Pinchuk I, Kohen R, Stuetz W, Weber D, Franceschi C, Capri M . Do low molecular weight antioxidants contribute to the Protection against oxidative damage? The interrelation between oxidative stress and low molecular weight antioxidants based on data from the MARK-AGE study. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2021; 713:109061. DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2021.109061. View

Sies H . Oxidative eustress: On constant alert for redox homeostasis. Redox Biol. 2021; 41:101867. PMC: 7930632. DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101867. View

Jiang C, Li G, Huang P, Liu Z, Zhao B . The Gut Microbiota and Alzheimer's Disease. J Alzheimers Dis. 2017; 58(1):1-15. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-161141. View

10.

Gerger P, Pai R, Stuckenschneider T, Falkenreck J, Weigert H, Stahl W . Associations of Lipophilic Micronutrients with Physical and Cognitive Fitness in Persons with Mild Cognitive Impairment. Nutrients. 2019; 11(4). PMC: 6520910. DOI: 10.3390/nu11040902. View

11.

Roberts R, Knopman D . Classification and epidemiology of MCI. Clin Geriatr Med. 2013; 29(4):753-72. PMC: 3821397. DOI: 10.1016/j.cger.2013.07.003. View

12.

Park C, Brietzke E, Rosenblat J, Musial N, Zuckerman H, Ragguett R . Probiotics for the treatment of depressive symptoms: An anti-inflammatory mechanism?. Brain Behav Immun. 2018; 73:115-124. DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2018.07.006. View

13.

Miyawaki C, Bouldin E, Kumar G, McGuire L . Associations between Physical Activity and Cognitive Functioning among Middle-Aged and Older Adults. J Nutr Health Aging. 2017; 21(6):637-647. PMC: 6149221. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-016-0835-6. View

14.

Stephan B, Birdi R, Tang E, Cosco T, Donini L, Licher S . Secular Trends in Dementia Prevalence and Incidence Worldwide: A Systematic Review. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018; 66(2):653-680. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-180375. View

15.

Mecocci P, Boccardi V, Cecchetti R, Bastiani P, Scamosci M, Ruggiero C . A Long Journey into Aging, Brain Aging, and Alzheimer's Disease Following the Oxidative Stress Tracks. J Alzheimers Dis. 2018; 62(3):1319-1335. PMC: 5870006. DOI: 10.3233/JAD-170732. View

16.

Sies H, Jones D . Reactive oxygen species (ROS) as pleiotropic physiological signalling agents. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2020; 21(7):363-383. DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-0230-3. View

17.

Mavros Y, Gates N, Wilson G, Jain N, Meiklejohn J, Brodaty H . Mediation of Cognitive Function Improvements by Strength Gains After Resistance Training in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: Outcomes of the Study of Mental and Resistance Training. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2017; 65(3):550-559. DOI: 10.1111/jgs.14542. View

18.

Ni Mhaolain A, Gallagher D, Crosby L, Ryan D, Lacey L, Coen R . Frailty and quality of life for people with Alzheimer's dementia and mild cognitive impairment. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2012; 27(1):48-54. PMC: 10697358. DOI: 10.1177/1533317511435661. View

19.

Gomez-Cabrera M, Domenech E, Vina J . Moderate exercise is an antioxidant: upregulation of antioxidant genes by training. Free Radic Biol Med. 2008; 44(2):126-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2007.02.001. View

20.

Morris M . Nutrition and risk of dementia: overview and methodological issues. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2016; 1367(1):31-7. PMC: 4849169. DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13047. View