Generation of Human Elongating Multi-lineage Organized Cardiac Gastruloids
Overview
Biomedical Engineering
Science
Affiliations
Human elongating multi-lineage organized (EMLOC) gastruloid technology captures key aspects of trunk neurodevelopment including neural integration with cardiogenesis. We generate multi-chambered, contractile EMLOC gastruloids with integrated central and peripheral neurons using defined culture conditions and signaling factors. hiPSC colonies are primed by activating FGF and Wnt signaling pathways for co-induced lineages. EMLOC gastruloids are then initialized with primed cells in suspension culture using timed exposure to FGF2, HGF, IGF1, and Y-27632. Cardiogenesis is stimulated by FGF2, VEGF, and ascorbic acid. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Olmsted and Paluh (2022)..
Synthetic embryology of the human heart.
Paredes-Espinosa M, Paluh J Front Cell Dev Biol. 2025; 12:1478549.
PMID: 39935786 PMC: 11810959. DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1478549.
In Vitro Models of Cardiovascular Disease: Embryoid Bodies, Organoids and Everything in Between.
Stougiannou T, Christodoulou K, Karangelis D Biomedicines. 2025; 12(12.
PMID: 39767621 PMC: 11726960. DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12122714.
Wang S, Shi G, Duan K, Yin Y, Li T Cell Prolif. 2024; 58(2):e13761.
PMID: 39385268 PMC: 11839190. DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13761.
Olmsted Z, Paredes-Espinosa M, Paluh J Methods Mol Biol. 2023; 2767:135-159.
PMID: 37284941 DOI: 10.1007/7651_2023_491.
Human Heart Morphogenesis: A New Vision Based on In Vivo Labeling and Cell Tracking.
Villavicencio-Guzman L, Sanchez-Gomez C, Jaime-Cruz R, Ramirez-Fuentes T, Patino-Morales C, Salazar-Garcia M Life (Basel). 2023; 13(1).
PMID: 36676114 PMC: 9861877. DOI: 10.3390/life13010165.