High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Lung Cancer: Mechanisms and Perspectives

Overview

Journal Biology (Basel)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty Biology

Date 2022 Dec 23

PMID 36552201

Authors

Julio C Osorio

Felipe Candia-Escobar

Alejandro H Corvalan

Gloria M Calaf

Francisco Aguayo

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Lung cancer is a very prevalent and heterogeneous group of malignancies, and most of them are etiologically associated with tobacco smoking. However, viral infections have been detected in lung carcinomas, with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HR-HPVs) being among them. The role of HR-HPVs in lung cancer has been considered to be controversial. This issue is due to the highly variable presence of this virus in lung carcinomas worldwide, and the low viral load frequently that is detected. In this review, we address the epidemiological and mechanistic findings regarding the role of HR-HPVs in lung cancer. Some mechanisms of HR-HPV-mediated lung carcinogenesis have been proposed, including (i) HPV works as an independent carcinogen in non-smoker subjects; (ii) HPV cooperates with carcinogenic compounds present in tobacco smoke; (iii) HPV promotes initial alterations being after cleared by the immune system through a "hit and run" mechanism. Additional research is warranted to clarify the role of HPV in lung cancer.

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