Obesity and Sudden Cardiac Death: Prevalence, Pathogenesis, Prevention and Intervention

Overview

Journal Front Cell Dev Biol

Specialty Cell Biology

Date 2022 Dec 19

PMID 36531958

Authors

Yan Yao

Jia Xue

Bing Li

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Obesity and sudden cardiac death (SCD) share common risk factors. Obesity, in and of itself, can result in the development of SCD. Numerous epidemiologic and clinical studies have demonstrated the close relationships between obesity and SCD, however, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Various evidences support the significance of excess adiposity in determining the risk of SCD, including anatomical remodeling, electrical remodeling, metabolic dysfunction, autonomic imbalance. Weight reduction has improved obesity related comorbidities, and reversed abnormal cardiac remodeling. Indeed, it is still unknown whether weight loss contributes to decreased risk of SCD. Further high-quality, prospective trials are needed to strengthen our understanding on weight management and SCD.

Citing Articles

The Prevalence of Arrhythmias, Including Premature Supraventricular and Ventricular Beats and Other Electrocardiographic Patterns, in 24-Hour Holter Monitoring in Patients with Overweight and Obesity.

Dykiert I, Kraik K, Jurczenko L, Gac P, Poreba R, Poreba M Life (Basel). 2024; 14(9).

PMID: 39337923 PMC: 11433031. DOI: 10.3390/life14091140.

Tpeak-Tend ECG Marker in Obesity and Cardiovascular Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.

Dykiert I, Florek K, Kraik K, Gac P, Poreba R, Poreba M Scientifica (Cairo). 2024; 2024:4904508.

PMID: 38962529 PMC: 11221957. DOI: 10.1155/2024/4904508.

ANMCO (Italian Association of Hospital Cardiologists) scientific statement: obesity in adults-an approach for cardiologists.

Di Fusco S, Mocini E, Gulizia M, Gabrielli D, Grimaldi M, Oliva F Eat Weight Disord. 2024; 29(1):1.

PMID: 38168872 PMC: 10761446. DOI: 10.1007/s40519-023-01630-8.

References

Guo C, Ricchiuti V, Lian B, Yao T, Coutinho P, Romero J . Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade reverses obesity-related changes in expression of adiponectin, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, and proinflammatory adipokines. Circulation. 2008; 117(17):2253-61. PMC: 2746647. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.107.748640. View

Patel D, Lavie C, Artham S, Milani R, Cardenas G, Ventura H . Effects of left ventricular geometry and obesity on mortality in women with normal ejection fraction. Am J Cardiol. 2014; 113(5):877-80. DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2013.11.041. View

Jensen M, Ryan D, Apovian C, Ard J, Comuzzie A, Donato K . 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. Circulation. 2013; 129(25 Suppl 2):S102-38. PMC: 5819889. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000437739.71477.ee. View

Fredersdorf S, Thumann C, Ulucan C, Griese D, Luchner A, Riegger G . Myocardial hypertrophy and enhanced left ventricular contractility in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Cardiovasc Pathol. 2004; 13(1):11-9. DOI: 10.1016/S1054-8807(03)00109-1. View

Wu C, Tsai H, Su M, Wu Y, Hwang J, Tseng W . Pericardial fat is associated with ventricular tachyarrhythmia and mortality in patients with systolic heart failure. Atherosclerosis. 2015; 241(2):607-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.05.025. View

Jordan A, McSharry D, Malhotra A . Adult obstructive sleep apnoea. Lancet. 2013; 383(9918):736-47. PMC: 3909558. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)60734-5. View

Gautron L, Elmquist J . Sixteen years and counting: an update on leptin in energy balance. J Clin Invest. 2011; 121(6):2087-93. PMC: 3104762. DOI: 10.1172/JCI45888. View

Goldberger J, Cain M, Hohnloser S, Kadish A, Knight B, Lauer M . American Heart Association/american College of Cardiology Foundation/heart Rhythm Society scientific statement on noninvasive risk stratification techniques for identifying patients at risk for sudden cardiac death: a scientific statement from the.... Heart Rhythm. 2008; 5(10):e1-21. DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2008.05.031. View

Van Bilsen M, Daniels A, Brouwers O, Janssen B, Derks W, Brouns A . Hypertension is a conditional factor for the development of cardiac hypertrophy in type 2 diabetic mice. PLoS One. 2014; 9(1):e85078. PMC: 3887022. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0085078. View

10.

Ouchi N, Shibata R, Walsh K . Cardioprotection by adiponectin. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2006; 16(5):141-6. PMC: 2749293. DOI: 10.1016/j.tcm.2006.03.001. View

11.

Ha A, Doumouras B, Wang C, Tranmer J, Lee D . Prediction of Sudden Cardiac Arrest in the General Population: Review of Traditional and Emerging Risk Factors. Can J Cardiol. 2022; 38(4):465-478. DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.007. View

12.

Narayanan K, Zhang L, Kim C, Uy-Evanado A, Teodorescu C, Reinier K . QRS fragmentation and sudden cardiac death in the obese and overweight. J Am Heart Assoc. 2015; 4(3):e001654. PMC: 4392444. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.114.001654. View

13.

Russo C, Jin Z, Homma S, Rundek T, Elkind M, Sacco R . Effect of obesity and overweight on left ventricular diastolic function: a community-based study in an elderly cohort. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2011; 57(12):1368-74. PMC: 3077126. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2010.10.042. View

14.

Harmancey R, Wilson C, Taegtmeyer H . Adaptation and maladaptation of the heart in obesity. Hypertension. 2008; 52(2):181-7. PMC: 3660087. DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.108.110031. View

15.

Kannel W, DOYLE J, MCNAMARA P, Quickenton P, Gordon T . Precursors of sudden coronary death. Factors related to the incidence of sudden death. Circulation. 1975; 51(4):606-13. DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.51.4.606. View

16.

Kosmala W, Przewlocka-Kosmala M, Szczepanik-Osadnik H, Mysiak A, Marwick T . Fibrosis and cardiac function in obesity: a randomised controlled trial of aldosterone blockade. Heart. 2013; 99(5):320-6. DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2012-303329. View

17.

Ades P, Savage P . Potential benefits of weight loss in coronary heart disease. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2014; 56(4):448-56. DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2013.09.009. View

18.

Chiuve S, Sun Q, Sandhu R, Tedrow U, Cook N, Manson J . Adiposity throughout adulthood and risk of sudden cardiac death in women. JACC Clin Electrophysiol. 2016; 1(6):520-528. PMC: 4725590. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacep.2015.07.011. View

19.

Remme C . Sudden Cardiac Death in Diabetes and Obesity: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Strategies. Can J Cardiol. 2022; 38(4):418-426. DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2022.01.001. View

20.

Alpert M . Obesity cardiomyopathy: pathophysiology and evolution of the clinical syndrome. Am J Med Sci. 2001; 321(4):225-36. DOI: 10.1097/00000441-200104000-00003. View