Recovering the Angiogenic/angiostatic Balance in NNK-induced Lung Carcinoma Via 12 Weeks of Submaximal Swimming and Nanocapsule

Overview

Journal Toxicol Rep

Date 2022 Dec 15

PMID 36518398

Authors

Zahra Abrishami Kia

Seyede Tayebeh Sadati Bizaki

Elham Asaadi Ghareh Tapeh

Shadmehr Mirdar Harijani

Nayyereh Katal

Roya Gorji Baziary

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Carcinogen nitrosamine 4-(methyl-trosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) remarkably affects the actions of growth factors: EGFR, VEGFR-2, as well as the natural tumor suppressors: TGFβ-1 and TIMP-1. We propose that utilizing non-chemical interventions such as swimming and nanocapsule play role in controlling cancer progression through direct effects on tumor-inherent factors.

Material And Methods: Male rats were randomly placed into seven groups: Control (C), Solvent (S), (NNK), NNK+ (NNK+NS), NNK+Exercise (NNK+E), +Exercise (NS+E), NNK++Exercise (NNK+NS+E). The exercise program consisted of 12 weeks of submaximal swimming. NNK and NS groups received weekly doses of 12/5 mg/kg and 125 μg/kg of NNK and respectively. By the end of the protocol, the levels of VEGFR-2, and TIMP-1 were determined using immunohistochemistry method and EGFR, and TGFβ-1 levels were measured by RT-PCR assay.

Results: In comparison with control group, there was a significant increase in the levels of VEGFR-2 in NNK, NNK+E, NNK+NS, NS+E, and NNK+NS+E groups , also TGFβ-1 levels of NNK+E and NS+E groups significantly increased . While EGFR levels did not change remarkably , except in NNK group , TIMP-1 in NNK, NNK+E, NS+E, NNK+NS+E groups significantly decreased ().

Conclusion: We recommend 12 weeks of submaximal swimming and 125 μg/kg nanocapsule are safe interventions to recover the balance of selected angiogenic/ angiostatic markers and to control tumor initiation, growth, and metastasis in lung carcinoma induced by 12/5 mg/kg of NNK injection.

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