Paramyxoviruses from Bats: Changes in Receptor Specificity and Their Role in Host Adaptation

Overview

Journal Curr Opin Virol

Publisher Elsevier

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2022 Dec 12

PMID 36508860

Authors

Griffin D Haas

Benhur Lee

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Global metagenomic surveys have revealed that bats host a diverse array of paramyxoviruses, including species from at least five major genera. An essential determinant of successful spillover is the entry of a virus into a new host. We evaluate the role of receptor usage in the zoonotic potential of bat-borne henipaviruses, morbilliviruses, pararubulaviruses, orthorubulaviruses, and jeilongviruses; successful spillover into humans depends upon compatibility of a respective viral attachment protein with its cognate receptor. We also emphasize the importance of postentry restrictions in preventing spillover. Metagenomics and characterization of newly identified paramyxoviruses have greatly improved our understanding of spillover determinants, allowing for better forecasts of which bat-borne viruses may pose the greatest risk for cross-species transmission into humans.

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