Therapeutic Efficacy of -Docosanol Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Infection in Domestic Chickens

Overview

Journal Front Microbiol

Specialty Microbiology

Date 2022 Dec 9

PMID 36483200

Authors

Ahmed Orabi

Ashraf Hussein

Ayman A Saleh

Ayman M Megahed

Mohamed Metwally

Hassan Moeini

Aya Sh Metwally

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: The control of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection depends solely on vaccination which in most cases is not sufficient to restrain the consequences of such a highly evolving viral disease. Finding out substances for preparing an efficient anti-ND drug would be of high value. -Docosanol is a saturated fatty alcohol with an inhibitory effect against many enveloped viruses. In this study, we evaluated the therapeutic effect of -docosanol on NDV infection and shedding in chickens.

Methods: Chickens infected with a highly virulent NDV were treated with low to high concentrations of -docosanol (20, 40, and 60 mg/kg body weight) for 4-successive days, once they showed the disease symptoms. Survival and curative rates, virus load, histopathological scoring, and virus shedding were defined.

Results: Symptoms development was found to discontinue 24-72 hours post-treatment. Survival rate in the NDV-infected chickens raised 37.4-53.2% after the treatment. -Docosanol treatment was also found to significantly reduce virus load in the digestive (26.2-33.9%), respiratory (38.3-63%), nervous (26.7-51.1%), and lymphatic (16.4-29.1%) tissues. Histopathological scoring of NDV lesions revealed prominent rescue effects on the histology of different tissues. Importantly, -docosanol treatment significantly reduced virus shedding in oropharyngeal discharge and feces thereby allowing the restriction of NDV spread.

Conclusion: Our findings suggest -docosanol as a promising remedy in the control strategy of Newcastle disease in the poultry industry.

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