Caries Management with Non-Metallic Nanomaterials: A Systematic Review

Overview

Journal Int J Nanomedicine

Publisher Dove Medical Press

Specialty Biotechnology

Date 2022 Dec 7

PMID 36474525

Authors

Veena Wenqing Xu

Mohammed Zahedul Islam Nizami

Iris Xiaoxue Yin

Christie Ying Kei Lung

Ollie Yiru Yu

Chun Hung Chu

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Non-metallic nanomaterials do not stain enamel or dentin. Most have better biocompatibility than metallic nanomaterials do for management of dental caries.

Objective: The objective of this study is to review the types, properties and potential uses of non-metallic nanomaterials systematically for managing dental caries.

Methods: Two researchers independently performed a literature search of publications in English using PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science. The keywords used were (nanoparticles OR nanocomposites OR nanomaterials) AND (caries OR tooth decay). They screened the titles and abstracts to identify potentially eligible publications of original research reporting non-metallic nanomaterials for caries management. Then, they retrieved and studied the full text of the identified publications for inclusion in this study.

Results: Out of 2497 resulting publications, this study included 75 of those. The non-metallic nanomaterials used in these publications were categorized as biological organic nanomaterials (n=45), synthetic organic nanomaterials (n=15), carbon-based nanomaterials (n=13) and selenium nanomaterials (n=2). They inhibited bacteria growth and/or promoted remineralization. They could be incorporated in topical agents (29/75, 39%), dental adhesives (11/75, 15%), restorative fillers (4/75, 5%), dental sealant (3/75, 4%), oral drugs (3/75, 4%), toothpastes (2/75, 3%) and functional candies (1/75, 1%). Other publications (22/75, 29%) do not mention specific applications. However, most publications (67/75, 89%) were in vitro studies. Six publications (6/75, 8%) were animal studies, and only two publications (2/75, 3%) were clinical studies.

Conclusion: The literature showed non-metallic nanomaterials have antibacterial and/or remineralising properties. The most common type of non-metallic nanomaterials for caries management is organic nanomaterials. Non-metallic nanomaterials can be incorporated into dental sealants, toothpaste, dental adhesives, topical agents and even candies and drugs. However, the majority of the publications are in vitro studies, and only two publications are clinical studies.

Citing Articles

Unraveling Nanomaterials in Biomimetic Mineralization of Dental Hard Tissue: Focusing on Advantages, Mechanisms, and Prospects.

Dai D, Li D, Zhang C Adv Sci (Weinh). 2024; 11(40):e2405763.

PMID: 39206945 PMC: 11516058. DOI: 10.1002/advs.202405763.

Application of Nanomaterials in Endodontics.

Afkhami F, Chen Y, Walsh L, Peters O, Xu C BME Front. 2024; 5:0043.

PMID: 38711803 PMC: 11070857. DOI: 10.34133/bmef.0043.

A Comprehensive Narrative Review of Nanomaterial Applications in Restorative Dentistry: Demineralization Inhibition and Remineralization Applications (Part I).

Elmarsafy S Cureus. 2024; 16(4):e58544.

PMID: 38644945 PMC: 11027030. DOI: 10.7759/cureus.58544.

Copper Materials for Caries Management: A Scoping Review.

Xu V, Nizami M, Yin I, Niu J, Yu O, Chu C J Funct Biomater. 2024; 15(1).

PMID: 38248677 PMC: 10817259. DOI: 10.3390/jfb15010010.

Bioactive Materials for Caries Management: A Literature Review.

Zhang O, Niu J, Yin I, Yu O, Mei M, Chu C Dent J (Basel). 2023; 11(3).

PMID: 36975556 PMC: 10047026. DOI: 10.3390/dj11030059.

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