Failure Analysis of Local Settlement Induced Q345R Bottom Plate Cracking of Crude Oil Storage Tank

A 5000m single deck floating roof crude oil storage tank was found to have a cracked Q345R bottom plate during an open tank inspection. To analyze the cause of the failure, a series of experiments were carried out. The results showed that the chemical composition of the failed crude oil storage tank bottom plate material Q345R had a slight excess of S, V, and Ti which causes the material to form a bainite structure, resulting in a hard and brittle material with poor toughness. Q345R is susceptive to HS stress corrosion cracking according to SCC test. Based on the working condition investigation, the cracked plate was subjected to the local settlement and HS contained corrosive medium. With the stress concentration induced by local settlement, the bottom plate cracked. In order to avoid such incidents, Q345R material should be avoided in HS containing environment, and online monitoring should be carried out regularly to assess the overall condition of the tanks.