Prevalence of the Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors Among Inpatients with Severe Mental Illness in Botswana: a Cross-sectional Study

Overview

Journal BMC Cardiovasc Disord

Publisher Biomed Central

Specialty Cardiology & Vascular Diseases

Date 2022 Dec 2

PMID 36460970

Authors

Billy M Tsima

Philip Opondo

Mosepele Mosepele

Emang Mautle

Warren B Bilker

Robert Gross

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Introduction: The metabolic syndrome, a cluster of inter-related risk factors for cardiovascular diseases is highly prevalent among individuals with obesity and sedentary lifestyle. Chronic psychiatric disorders such as severe mental illness are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to assess the prevalence and correlates of metabolic syndrome among inpatients with severe mental illness in a resource limited setting with high HIV prevalence.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among adult inpatients at a referral psychiatric hospital in Botswana. We used convenience sampling to enrol participants available at the time of the study. The National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel-III (NCEP-ATP III) criteria was used to define the metabolic syndrome. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics as well as multiple logistic regression modelling.

Results: A total of 137 participants were enrolled. Of these, 119 (87%) had complete data for the main analysis. The overall prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 22.6% (95% CI 15.9, 30.6) and did not differ significantly by gender or HIV status. Age was significantly associated with the risk of having the metabolic syndrome while gender, body mass index, HIV status, and days of moderate physical activity were not.

Conclusion: There was a moderately high prevalence of metabolic syndrome. Thus, the management of individuals with severe mental illness in resource limited settings should include assessment of cardiovascular risk and target modifiable risk factors in this population. Consideration for the patient's age should be made when rationalizing the limited resources available for assessing metabolic syndrome among patients with severe mental illness.

Citing Articles

Nurses' practice of metabolic monitoring for patients on antipsychotics in Lesotho.

Matete R, Rathobei L S Afr J Psychiatr. 2024; 30:2219.

PMID: 38726330 PMC: 11079420. DOI: 10.4102/sajpsychiatry.v30i0.2219.

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