Targeted Molecular Imaging As a Biomarker in Urologic Oncology

Overview

Journal Urol Clin North Am

Specialty Urology

Date 2022 Nov 24

PMID 36424076

Authors

Arvin Haj-Mirzaian

Umar Mahmood

Pedram Heidari

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Urologic malignancies constitute a large portion of annually diagnosed cancers. Timely diagnosis, accurate staging, and assessment of tumor heterogeneity are essential to devising the best treatment strategy for individual patients. The high sensitivity of molecular imaging allows for early and sensitive detection of lesions that were not readily detectable using conventional imaging techniques. Moreover, molecular imaging enables the interrogation of molecular processes used in targeted cancer therapies and predicts cancer response to treatment. Here we review the current advancements in molecular imaging of urologic cancers, including prostatic, vesical, renal testicular, and ureteral cancers.

References

Zhao R, Li Y, Nie L, Qin K, Zhang H, Shi H . The meta-analysis of the effect of 68Ga-PSMA-PET/CT diagnosis of prostatic cancer compared with bone scan. Medicine (Baltimore). 2021; 100(15):e25417. PMC: 8052000. DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000025417. View

Mohsen B, Giorgio T, Rasoul Z, Werner L, Ali G, Vahid Reza D . Application of C-11-acetate positron-emission tomography (PET) imaging in prostate cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. BJU Int. 2013; 112(8):1062-72. DOI: 10.1111/bju.12279. View

Haseebuddin M, Dehdashti F, Siegel B, Liu J, Roth E, Nepple K . 11C-acetate PET/CT before radical prostatectomy: nodal staging and treatment failure prediction. J Nucl Med. 2013; 54(5):699-706. PMC: 3787881. DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.112.111153. View

Schoder H, Ong S, Reuter V, Cai S, Burnazi E, Dalbagni G . Initial results with (11)C-acetate positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in the staging of urinary bladder cancer. Mol Imaging Biol. 2011; 14(2):245-51. DOI: 10.1007/s11307-011-0488-0. View

Yin Y, Campbell S, Markowski M, Pierorazio P, Pomper M, Allaf M . Inconsistent Detection of Sites of Metastatic Non-Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma with PSMA-Targeted [F]DCFPyL PET/CT. Mol Imaging Biol. 2018; 21(3):567-573. PMC: 9774683. DOI: 10.1007/s11307-018-1271-2. View

Calais J, Ceci F, Eiber M, Hope T, Hofman M, Rischpler C . F-fluciclovine PET-CT and Ga-PSMA-11 PET-CT in patients with early biochemical recurrence after prostatectomy: a prospective, single-centre, single-arm, comparative imaging trial. Lancet Oncol. 2019; 20(9):1286-1294. PMC: 7469487. DOI: 10.1016/S1470-2045(19)30415-2. View

Awenat S, Piccardo A, Carvoeiras P, Signore G, Giovanella L, Prior J . Diagnostic Role of F-PSMA-1007 PET/CT in Prostate Cancer Staging: A Systematic Review. Diagnostics (Basel). 2021; 11(3). PMC: 8003688. DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11030552. View

Tabei T, Nakaigawa N, Kaneta T, Ikeda I, Kondo K, Makiyama K . Early assessment with F-2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography to predict short-term outcome in clear cell renal carcinoma treated with nivolumab. BMC Cancer. 2019; 19(1):298. PMC: 6446392. DOI: 10.1186/s12885-019-5510-y. View

Persson M, Skovgaard D, Brandt-Larsen M, Christensen C, Madsen J, Nielsen C . First-in-human uPAR PET: Imaging of Cancer Aggressiveness. Theranostics. 2015; 5(12):1303-16. PMC: 4615734. DOI: 10.7150/thno.12956. View

10.

van Es S, Brouwers A, Mahesh S, Leliveld-Kors A, de Jong I, Lub-de Hooge M . Zr-Bevacizumab PET: Potential Early Indicator of Everolimus Efficacy in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma. J Nucl Med. 2017; 58(6):905-910. DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.116.183475. View

11.

Rowe S, Gorin M, Hammers H, Som Javadi M, Hawasli H, Szabo Z . Imaging of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma with PSMA-targeted ¹⁸F-DCFPyL PET/CT. Ann Nucl Med. 2015; 29(10):877-82. PMC: 4666821. DOI: 10.1007/s12149-015-1017-z. View

12.

Woitek R, Gallagher F . The use of hyperpolarised C-MRI in clinical body imaging to probe cancer metabolism. Br J Cancer. 2021; 124(7):1187-1198. PMC: 8007617. DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-01224-6. View

13.

Wallitt K, Khan S, Dubash S, Tam H, Khan S, Barwick T . Clinical PET Imaging in Prostate Cancer. Radiographics. 2017; 37(5):1512-1536. DOI: 10.1148/rg.2017170035. View

14.

van Oostenbrugge T, Mulders P . Targeted PET/CT imaging for clear cell renal cell carcinoma with radiolabeled antibodies: recent developments using girentuximab. Curr Opin Urol. 2021; 31(3):249-254. DOI: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000872. View

15.

Gerety E, Lawrence E, Wason J, Yan H, Hilborne S, Buscombe J . Prospective study evaluating the relative sensitivity of 18F-NaF PET/CT for detecting skeletal metastases from renal cell carcinoma in comparison to multidetector CT and 99mTc-MDP bone scintigraphy, using an adaptive trial design. Ann Oncol. 2015; 26(10):2113-8. PMC: 4576907. DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdv289. View

16.

Strandberg S, Thellenberg Karlsson C, Ogren M, Axelsson J, Riklund K . 11C-Acetate-PET/CT Compared to 99mTc-HDP Bone Scintigraphy in Primary Staging of High-risk Prostate Cancer. Anticancer Res. 2016; 36(12):6475-6479. DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.11246. View

17.

Hwang S, Cho A, Yun M, Choi Y, Rha S, Kang W . Prognostic Value of Pretreatment Metabolic Tumor Volume and Total Lesion Glycolysis Using 18F-FDG PET/CT in Patients With Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated With Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Targeted Agents. Clin Nucl Med. 2017; 42(5):e235-e241. DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000001612. View

18.

Shen K, Liu B, Zhou X, Ji Y, Chen L, Wang Q . The Evolving Role of F-FDG PET/CT in Diagnosis and Prognosis Prediction in Progressive Prostate Cancer. Front Oncol. 2021; 11:683793. PMC: 8358601. DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.683793. View

19.

Desar I, Stillebroer A, Oosterwijk E, Leenders W, Van Herpen C, van der Graaf W . 111In-bevacizumab imaging of renal cell cancer and evaluation of neoadjuvant treatment with the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor sorafenib. J Nucl Med. 2010; 51(11):1707-15. DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.110.078030. View

20.

Fosbol M, Kurbegovic S, Johannesen H, Roder M, Hansen A, Mortensen J . Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator Receptor (uPAR) PET/MRI of Prostate Cancer for Noninvasive Evaluation of Aggressiveness: Comparison with Gleason Score in a Prospective Phase 2 Clinical Trial. J Nucl Med. 2020; 62(3):354-359. PMC: 8049344. DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.248120. View