Vulnerable Groups and Protective Habits Associated with the Number of Symptoms Caused by Pesticide Application in Kratie, Cambodia: a Cross-sectional Questionnaire Study

The present study aimed to identify pesticide poisoning symptoms and related protective habits to effectively prevent pesticide poisoning among farmworkers in Kratie, Cambodia, where pesticide poisoning is an urgent public health problem. This cross-sectional study based on a questionnaire survey analyzing social demographics, number of symptoms, and protective behavior regarding pesticide application was conducted in Kratie Province from January 25 to 31, 2021. In total, 210 farmworkers completed the survey. The effects of social demographics and pesticide-protective behavioral scores on the number of symptoms were investigated using multivariable regression analysis. The observed number of symptoms was 1.16 times higher among women (=0.004), increased with the duration of work, and decreased with age. In addition, we identified five significant pesticide-protective behaviors: 1) preparing using gloves, 2) using protective equipment, 3) avoiding wiping sweat, 4) avoiding leaking, and 5) resting when feeling ill. Pesticide-protective behaviors tended to decrease with the duration of working years in the low-education group (B=-0.04, SE=0.01), whereas no association was observed in the high-education group (B=0.01, SE=0.01). Pesticide-protective behaviors significantly correlated with fewer symptoms. The female and aging groups required continuous special education or instructions for implementing pesticide-protective actions, especially the aforementioned five protective actions.