Need to Revise Frascati Criteria for HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders to Improve Relevance for Diverse Global Populations

Overview

Journal Neurol Clin Pract

Date 2022 Nov 16

PMID 36382121

Authors

Ana-Claire L Meyer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Worldwide, cognitive impairment is a frequent complication of HIV, and few treatments are available. Existing diagnostic criteria for cognitive disorders associated with HIV have limited diagnostic accuracy, hampering biomarker and therapeutic development. Furthermore, these criteria are not linked to clinically meaningful outcomes, limiting utility in clinical settings. Limitations in diagnostic accuracy are most pronounced in resource-limited settings where the burden of HIV is greatest, largely because of heavy reliance on neuropsychological testing with limited cross-cultural validity. Accurate and clinically meaningful diagnostic criteria validated in diverse populations will improve research and clinical care for cognitively impaired people living with HIV globally.

Citing Articles

Psychosocial factors account for a proportion of the difference in cognitive performance between persons with and without HIV.

Dreyer A, Le Roux C, Gf Thomas K, Thomas K, Sabin C, Winston A AIDS. 2024; 39(4):393-402.

PMID: 39621015 PMC: 11872261. DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004080.

HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: key implications of the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Hu A, Zaongo S, Harypursat V, Wang X, Ouyang J, Chen Y Front Microbiol. 2024; 15:1428239.

PMID: 39155987 PMC: 11327151. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1428239.

A Focus on Aging, HIV/AIDS, and Neurocognitive Challenges: Examining Southern Nevada HIV Sector Providers' Awareness and Prospective Roles.

Ranuschio B, Bell S, Flatt J, Barnes L, Puno T, Ribeiro A Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023; 20(19).

PMID: 37835146 PMC: 10572135. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20196876.

References

Alladi S, Hachinski V . World dementia: One approach does not fit all. Neurology. 2018; 91(6):264-270. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000005941. View

Nightingale S, Dreyer A, Saylor D, Gisslen M, Winston A, Joska J . Moving on From HAND: Why We Need New Criteria for Cognitive Impairment in Persons Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus and a Proposed Way Forward. Clin Infect Dis. 2021; 73(6):1113-1118. DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab366. View

Michael H, Naidoo S, Mensah K, Ramlall S, Oosthuizen F . The Impact of Antiretroviral Therapy on Neurocognitive Outcomes Among People Living with HIV in Low- and Middle-Income Countries (LMICs): A Systematic Review. AIDS Behav. 2020; 25(2):492-523. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-020-03008-8. View

Gisslen M, Price R, Nilsson S . The definition of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders: are we overestimating the real prevalence?. BMC Infect Dis. 2011; 11:356. PMC: 3260107. DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-11-356. View

Ferretti F, Mora-Peris B, Underwood J, Waldman A, Everitt A, Winston A . Cognitive Impairment in a Clinical Setting. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2017; 77(1):e10-e13. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000001547. View

Price R, Brew B . The AIDS dementia complex. J Infect Dis. 1988; 158(5):1079-83. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/158.5.1079. View

Struyf T, Dube Q, Cromwell E, Sheahan A, Heyderman R, Van Rie A . The effect of HIV infection and exposure on cognitive development in the first two years of life in Malawi. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2019; 25:157-164. PMC: 7136137. DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2019.11.004. View

Sherr L, Hensels I, Tomlinson M, Skeen S, Macedo A . Cognitive and physical development in HIV-positive children in South Africa and Malawi: A community-based follow-up comparison study. Child Care Health Dev. 2017; 44(1):89-98. PMC: 6086496. DOI: 10.1111/cch.12533. View

Wang Y, Liu M, Lu Q, Farrell M, Lappin J, Shi J . Global prevalence and burden of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder: A meta-analysis. Neurology. 2020; 95(19):e2610-e2621. DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000010752. View

10.

Joska J, Westgarth-Taylor J, Myer L, Hoare J, Thomas K, Combrinck M . Characterization of HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders among individuals starting antiretroviral therapy in South Africa. AIDS Behav. 2010; 15(6):1197-203. DOI: 10.1007/s10461-010-9744-6. View

11.

Milanini B, Allen I, Paul R, Bahemana E, Kiweewa F, Nambuya A . Frequency and Predictors of HIV-Related Cognitive Impairment in East Africa: The Africa Cohort Study (AFRICOS). J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2020; 83(2):157-164. PMC: 7316185. DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002242. View

12.

Gruver R, Mall S, Kvalsvig J, Knox J, Mellins C, Desmond C . Cognitive and Language Development at Age 4-6 Years in Children HIV-Exposed But Uninfected Compared to Those HIV-Unexposed and to Children Living With HIV. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev. 2020; 2020(171):39-54. PMC: 7500867. DOI: 10.1002/cad.20351. View

13.

Robertson K, Jiang H, Evans S, Marra C, Berzins B, Hakim J . International neurocognitive normative study: neurocognitive comparison data in diverse resource-limited settings: AIDS Clinical Trials Group A5271. J Neurovirol. 2016; 22(4):472-8. PMC: 4981921. DOI: 10.1007/s13365-015-0415-2. View

14.

Fauci A, Eisinger R . PEPFAR - 15 Years and Counting the Lives Saved. N Engl J Med. 2018; 378(4):314-316. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1714773. View

15.

Handoko R, Spudich S . Treatment of Central Nervous System Manifestations of HIV in the Current Era. Semin Neurol. 2019; 39(3):391-398. DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1688915. View

16.

Antinori A, Arendt G, Becker J, Brew B, Byrd D, Cherner M . Updated research nosology for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders. Neurology. 2007; 69(18):1789-99. PMC: 4472366. DOI: 10.1212/01.WNL.0000287431.88658.8b. View

17.

Habib A, Yakasai A, Owolabi L, Ibrahim A, Habib Z, Gudaji M . Neurocognitive impairment in HIV-1-infected adults in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis. 2013; 17(10):e820-31. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.06.011. View

18.

Quinn T . Forty years of AIDS: a retrospective and the way forward. J Clin Invest. 2021; 131(18). PMC: 8439598. DOI: 10.1172/JCI154196. View

19.

Robertson K, Jiang H, Kumwenda J, Supparatpinyo K, Evans S, Campbell T . Improved neuropsychological and neurological functioning across three antiretroviral regimens in diverse resource-limited settings: AIDS Clinical Trials Group study a5199, the International Neurological Study. Clin Infect Dis. 2012; 55(6):868-76. PMC: 3491853. DOI: 10.1093/cid/cis507. View

20.

Kelly C, van Oosterhout J, Ngwalo C, Stewart R, Benjamin L, Robertson K . HIV associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) in Malawian adults and effect on adherence to combination anti-retroviral therapy: a cross sectional study. PLoS One. 2014; 9(6):e98962. PMC: 4051684. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098962. View