T Cell Dysregulation in Inflammatory Diseases in ICU

Overview

Journal Intensive Care Med Exp

Specialty Critical Care

Date 2022 Oct 24

PMID 36279072

Authors

Marta Luperto

Lara Zafrani

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Severe inflammatory diseases, including sepsis, are characterized by an impaired host adaptive and innate immunity which results in immunosuppression, responsible for secondary infections and increased morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. T cells are major actors of the immune system. During post-aggressive immunosuppression, lymphopenia, reduction of innate T cells, changes in T helper cell polarization and regulatory T cell increase are observed. The main mechanisms involved in T cell dysregulation are T cell apoptosis, autophagy deficiency, T cell anergy, T cell exhaustion and T cell metabolic reprogramming. In this review, we describe the alterations of T cell regulation, their mechanisms, and their association with clinical outcomes in severe inflammatory diseases, foremost of which is the sepsis.

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