Prevalence of Blood-borne Viruses and Hepatitis B Vaccination Status Among Haemodialysis Patients in Central Australia

Overview

Journal IJID Reg

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2022 Oct 24

PMID 36277500

Authors

Arun Prakas Ramaswami

Basant Pawar

Gitanjali Pawar

Megan Brown

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objective: A cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of blood-borne viruses and hepatitis B vaccination status in haemodialysis patients in Central Australia.

Methods: Our study comprised 366 Aboriginal and 1 non-Indigenous Australian in Central Australia who had commenced haemodialysis between January 1996 and December 2019.

Results: Chronic hepatitis B infection was seen in 8.4% of patients, and serological evidence of human T-lymphotropic virus 1 in 28.3% of patients. The prevalence of HIV and hepatitis C was less than 1%. The vaccine status of all 182 patients who had received the hepatitis B vaccine was reviewed. Vaccine response was seen in 72.2% of patients who had received the vaccine at birth or in early childhood. There were 99 patients aged 20 years and older who had received hepatitis B vaccines before their haemodialysis commenced. Vaccine response was observed in 88.9% of these patients. A seroconversion rate of 78.5% was achieved in vaccine naïve patients who received the hepatitis B vaccine after their haemodialysis commenced.

Conclusion: The response to the hepatitis B vaccine among haemodialysis patients in Central Australia was suboptimal and variable. The prevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection declined after the universal hepatitis B vaccination was introduced in 2000.

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