Racial Differences in the Impact of Maternal Smoking on Sudden Unexpected Infant Death

Overview

Journal J Perinatol

Specialty Gynecology & Obstetrics

Date 2022 Oct 22

PMID 36271297

Authors

Barbara M Ostfeld

Ofira Schwartz-Soicher

Nancy E Reichman

Thomas Hegyi

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Background: Prenatal smoking increases the risk of Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID). Whether exposure patterns and associations differ by race requires further study.

Objectives: Determine if patterns of exposure and associations between SUID and maternal smoking before and during pregnancy differ by race.

Methods: Using U.S. National Center for Health Statistics linked birth/infant death files 2012-2013, we documented SUID by smoking duration and race. Maternal smoking history: never, pre-pregnancy only, and pre-pregnancy plus first, first, second, or all trimesters.

Results: Smoking was more common in non-Hispanic White (NHW) than non-Hispanic Black (NHB) mothers and more evident for both in SUID cases. The most common exposure duration is from before and throughout pregnancy (SUID: 78.3% NHW, 66.9% NHB; Survivors: 60.22% and 53.96%, respectively). NHB vs. NHW SUID rates per 1000 live births were 1.07 vs. 0.34 for non-smokers and 3.06 and 1.79 for smokers, ORs trended upward for both with increasing smoking duration.

Conclusion: Fewer NHB mothers smoked, but both NHB and NHW groups exhibited a dose-response relationship between smoking duration and SUID. The most common duration was from before to the end of pregnancy, suggesting difficulty in quitting and a need for effective interventions.

Citing Articles

Dose-response association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and the risk of infant death: a nationwide, population-based, retrospective cohort study.

Sun J, Liu X, Zhao M, Magnussen C, Xi B EClinicalMedicine. 2023; 57:101858.

PMID: 36879656 PMC: 9984774. DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101858.

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