Genome-wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Glutathione S-transferase Gene Family to Reveal Their Role in Cold Stress Response in Cucumber

Overview

Journal Front Genet

Date 2022 Oct 17

PMID 36246659

Authors

Xiaoyu Duan

Xuejing Yu

Yidan Wang

Wei Fu

Ruifang Cao

Lu Yang

Xueling Ye

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The plant glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are versatile proteins encoded by several genes and play vital roles in responding to various physiological processes. Members of plant GSTs have been identified in several species, but few studies on cucumber ( L.) have been reported. In this study, we identified 46 GST genes, which were divided into 11 classes. Chromosomal location and genome mapping revealed that cucumber GSTs (CsGSTs) were unevenly distributed in seven chromosomes, and the syntenic regions differed in each chromosome. The conserved motifs and gene structure of CsGSTs were analyzed using MEME and GSDS 2.0 online tools, respectively. Transcriptome and RT-qPCR analysis revealed that most CsGST members responded to cold stress. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses for differentially expressed CsGSTs under cold stress revealed that these genes responded to cold stress probably through "glutathione metabolism." Finally, we screened seven candidates that may be involved in cold stress using Venn analysis, and their promoters were analyzed using PlantCARE and New PLACE tools to predict the factors regulating these genes. Antioxidant enzyme activities were increased under cold stress conditions, which conferred tolerance against cold stress. Our study illustrates the characteristics and functions of CsGST genes, especially in responding to cold stress in cucumber.

Citing Articles

Comparative Characterization of Three Homologous Glutathione Transferases from the Weed .

Kontouri A, Ataya F, Madesis P, Labrou N Foods. 2024; 13(22).

PMID: 39594000 PMC: 11593036. DOI: 10.3390/foods13223584.

Comparative Phenotypic and Transcriptomic Analyses Provide Novel Insights into the Molecular Mechanism of Seed Germination in Response to Low Temperature Stress in Alfalfa.

Zhang Z, Lv Y, Sun Q, Yao X, Yan H Int J Mol Sci. 2024; 25(13).

PMID: 39000350 PMC: 11241472. DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137244.

Identification and Characterization of the Glutathione S-Transferase Gene Family in Blueberry () and Their Potential Roles in Anthocyanin Intracellular Transportation.

Wang X, Dong J, Hu Y, Huang Q, Lu X, Huang Y Plants (Basel). 2024; 13(10).

PMID: 38794388 PMC: 11125127. DOI: 10.3390/plants13101316.

Insights into cucumber () genetics: Genome-wide discovery and computational analysis of the Calreticulin Domain-Encoding gene (CDEG) family.

Alam P, Albalawi T Saudi J Biol Sci. 2024; 31(4):103959.

PMID: 38404540 PMC: 10883824. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103959.

CsBPC2 is essential for cucumber survival under cold stress.

Meng D, Li S, Feng X, Di Q, Zhou M, Yu X BMC Plant Biol. 2023; 23(1):566.

PMID: 37968586 PMC: 10652477. DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04577-1.

References

Dixon D, Hawkins T, Hussey P, Edwards R . Enzyme activities and subcellular localization of members of the Arabidopsis glutathione transferase superfamily. J Exp Bot. 2009; 60(4):1207-18. PMC: 2657551. DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern365. View

Dixon D, Lapthorn A, Edwards R . Plant glutathione transferases. Genome Biol. 2002; 3(3):REVIEWS3004. PMC: 139027. DOI: 10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-reviews3004. View

Kou M, Liu Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Tang W, Yan H . A novel glutathione S-transferase gene from sweetpotato, IbGSTF4, is involved in anthocyanin sequestration. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2019; 135:395-403. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.12.028. View

Saitou N, Nei M . The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol. 1987; 4(4):406-25. DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a040454. View

Li M, Wang C, Shi J, Zhang Y, Liu T, Qi H . Abscisic acid and putrescine synergistically regulate the cold tolerance of melon seedlings. Plant Physiol Biochem. 2021; 166:1054-1064. DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.07.011. View

Jiang H, Liu M, Chen I, Huang C, Chao L, Hsieh H . A glutathione S-transferase regulated by light and hormones participates in the modulation of Arabidopsis seedling development. Plant Physiol. 2010; 154(4):1646-58. PMC: 2996023. DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.159152. View

Theocharis A, Clement C, Barka E . Physiological and molecular changes in plants grown at low temperatures. Planta. 2012; 235(6):1091-105. DOI: 10.1007/s00425-012-1641-y. View

Zhao Y, Wang C, Huang X, Hu D . Genome-Wide Analysis of the Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) Genes and Functional Identification of Reveals the Involvement in the Regulation of Anthocyanin Accumulation in Apple. Genes (Basel). 2021; 12(11). PMC: 8619396. DOI: 10.3390/genes12111733. View

Song X, Pei L, Zhang Y, Chen X, Zhong Q, Ji Y . Functional diversification of three delta-class glutathione S-transferases involved in development and detoxification in Tribolium castaneum. Insect Mol Biol. 2020; 29(3):320-336. DOI: 10.1111/imb.12637. View

10.

Fedotova M, Dmitrieva O . Proline hydration at low temperatures: its role in the protection of cell from freeze-induced stress. Amino Acids. 2016; 48(7):1685-94. DOI: 10.1007/s00726-016-2232-1. View

11.

Gao J, Chen B, Lin H, Liu Y, Wei Y, Chen F . Identification and characterization of the glutathione S-Transferase (GST) family in radish reveals a likely role in anthocyanin biosynthesis and heavy metal stress tolerance. Gene. 2020; 743:144484. DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2020.144484. View

12.

Xu J, Tian Y, Xing X, Peng R, Zhu B, Gao J . Over-expression of AtGSTU19 provides tolerance to salt, drought and methyl viologen stresses in Arabidopsis. Physiol Plant. 2015; 156(2):164-175. DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12347. View

13.

Zhao Y, Dong W, Zhu Y, Allan A, Lin-Wang K, Xu C . PpGST1, an anthocyanin-related glutathione S-transferase gene, is essential for fruit coloration in peach. Plant Biotechnol J. 2019; 18(5):1284-1295. PMC: 7152611. DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13291. View

14.

Voorrips R . MapChart: software for the graphical presentation of linkage maps and QTLs. J Hered. 2002; 93(1):77-8. DOI: 10.1093/jhered/93.1.77. View

15.

Zhang Y, He J, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wan S . CsGSTU8, a Glutathione S-Transferase From , Is Regulated by CsWRKY48 and Plays a Positive Role in Drought Tolerance. Front Plant Sci. 2021; 12:795919. PMC: 8696008. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.795919. View

16.

Bailey T, Gribskov M . Combining evidence using p-values: application to sequence homology searches. Bioinformatics. 1998; 14(1):48-54. DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/14.1.48. View

17.

Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K . MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms. Mol Biol Evol. 2018; 35(6):1547-1549. PMC: 5967553. DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msy096. View

18.

Vijayakumar H, Thamilarasan S, Shanmugam A, Natarajan S, Jung H, Park J . Glutathione Transferases Superfamily: Cold-Inducible Expression of Distinct GST Genes in Brassica oleracea. Int J Mol Sci. 2016; 17(8). PMC: 5000609. DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081211. View

19.

Asada K . Production and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in chloroplasts and their functions. Plant Physiol. 2006; 141(2):391-6. PMC: 1475469. DOI: 10.1104/pp.106.082040. View

20.

Song W, Zhou F, Shan C, Zhang Q, Ning M, Liu X . Identification of Glutathione S-Transferase Genes in Hami Melon ( var. ) and Their Expression Analysis Under Cold Stress. Front Plant Sci. 2021; 12:672017. PMC: 8217883. DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.672017. View