Postinfective Bowel Dysfunction Following is Characterised by Reduced Microbiota Diversity and Impaired Microbiota Recovery

Overview

Journal Gut

Specialty Gastroenterology

Date 2022 Sep 28

PMID 36171082

Authors

Jonna Jalanka

David Gunn

Gulzar Singh

Shanthi Krishnasamy

Melanie Lingaya

Fiona Crispie

Laura Finnegan

Paul Cotter

Louise James

Adam Nowak

Giles Major

Robin C Spiller

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Objectives: Persistent bowel dysfunction following gastroenteritis (postinfectious (PI)-BD) is well recognised, but the associated changes in microbiota remain unclear. Our aim was to define these changes after gastroenteritis caused by a single organism, , examining the dynamic changes in the microbiota and the impact of antibiotics.

Design: A single-centre cohort study of 155 patients infected with . Features of the initial illness as well as current bowel symptoms and the intestinal microbiota composition were recorded soon after infection (visit 1, <40 days) as well as 40-60 days and >80 days later (visits 2 and 3). Microbiota were assessed using 16S rRNA sequencing.

Results: PI-BD was found in 22 of the 99 patients who completed the trial. The cases reported significantly looser stools, with more somatic and gastrointestinal symptoms. Microbiota were assessed in 22 cases who had significantly lower diversity and altered microbiota composition compared with the 44 age-matched and sex-matched controls. Moreover 60 days after infection, cases showed a significantly lower abundance of 23 taxa including phylum Firmicutes, particularly in the order Clostridiales and the family increased Proteobacteria abundance and increased levels of Fusobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. The microbiota changes were linked with diet; higher fibre consumption being associated with lower levels of Gammaproteobacteria.

Conclusion: The microbiota of PI-BD patients appeared more disturbed by the initial infection compared with the microbiota of those who recovered. The prebiotic effect of high fibre diets may inhibit some of the disturbances seen in PI-BD.

Trial Registration Number: NCT02040922.

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