2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole, One Siderophore Inhibitor, Occludes Quorum Sensing in

Overview

Journal Front Cell Infect Microbiol

Specialties Cell Biology
Infectious Diseases
Microbiology

Date 2022 Sep 26

PMID 36159634

Authors

Lujun Yin

Wang Shen

Jun-Sheng Liu

Ai-Qun Jia

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Siderophore is necessary for the survival of microorganisms and is interregulated with quorum sensing (QS) systems. It is related to growth, proliferation, virulence, and other bacterial social activities as a virulence factor. Thus, we speculated that the QS system could be occluded by inhibiting siderophore production. 2-Hydroxymethyl-1-methyl-5-nitroimidazole (HMMN), one siderophore inhibitor of PAO1 ( PAO1), was obtained by using the Chromeazurol S (CAS) method. We found that HMMN inhibited siderophore production and influenced the biological effects of QS regulation, including biofilm formation and pyocyanin production. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the siderophore production of PAO1 by 69.37%. In addition, HMMN could inhibit pyocyanin production and biofilm formation and erase the formed biofilm of PAO1. HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited the biofilm formation of PAO1 by 28.24%. The erasure rate of the formed biofilm reached 17.03%. Furthermore, HMMN (150 μg/ml) inhibited PAO1 pyocyanin production by 36.06%. Meanwhile, positive-control hordenine (500.0 μg/ml) reduced the biofilm formation and pyocyanin production of PAO1 by 14.42% and 34.35%, respectively. The erasure rate of hordenine to the formed biofilm is 11.05% at 500 μg/ml. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) showed that HMMN downregulates not only siderophore-related genes but also QS-related genes, as well as hordenine. These results suggest that a siderophore inhibitor could be used as a QS inhibitor to occlude the QS system and reduce virulence.

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