Haemonchosis in Sheep and Goats, Control Strategies and Development of Vaccines Against

Overview

Journal Animals (Basel)

Date 2022 Sep 23

PMID 36139199

Authors

Isabella Adduci

Floriana Sajovitz

Barbara Hinney

Katharina Lichtmannsperger

Anja Joachim

Thomas Wittek

Shi Yan

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

The evolutionary success of parasitic worms causes significant economic losses and animal health problems, including in the small ruminant industry. The hematophagous nematode is a common endoparasite that infects wild and domestic ruminants worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. To date, the most commonly applied control strategy is the administration of anthelminthic drugs. The main disadvantages of these chemicals are their ecotoxic effects, the necessary withdrawal period (especially important in dairy animals) and the increasing development of resistance. Vaccines offer an attractive alternative control strategy against infections. In previous years, several potential vaccine antigens prepared from using the latest technologies have been assessed in clinical trials using different methods and strategies. This review highlights the current state of knowledge on anti- vaccines (covering native, recombinant and DNA-based vaccines), including an evaluation, as well a discussion of the challenges and achievements in developing protective, efficient, and long-lasting vaccines to control infection and haemonchosis in small ruminants. This paper also addresses novel developments tackling the challenge of glycosylation of putative candidates in recombinant form.

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