Antimicrobial Resistance in Isolated from Chicken Cecum Samples and Factors Contributing to Antimicrobial Resistance in Nepal

Overview

Journal Trop Med Infect Dis

Specialty Infectious Diseases

Date 2022 Sep 22

PMID 36136660

Authors

Pramesh Koju

Rajeev Shrestha

Abha Shrestha

Sudichhya Tamrakar

Anisha Rai

Priyanka Shrestha

Surendra Kumar Madhup

Nishan Katuwal

Archana Shrestha

Akina Shrestha

Sunaina Shrestha

Sandip K C

Prashamsa Karki

Pooja Tamang

Pruthu Thekkur

Sony Shakya Shrestha

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Microorganisms with antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are prevalent among humans and animals, and also found in the environment. Though organisms with AMR can spread to humans via food from animal sources, the burden of AMR in food-producing animals remains largely unknown. Thus, we assessed the resistance pattern among isolated from chicken cecum samples and explored issues contributing to AMR in animals in the Dhulikhel Municipality of Nepal. We conducted a mixed-methods study, comprising a cross-sectional quantitative component, with collection of chicken cecal samples from slaughter houses/shops. In addition, a descriptive qualitative component was undertaken, with a focus group discussion and key informant interviews among stakeholders involved in animal husbandry. Of the 190 chicken cecum samples collected, 170 (89%) were subjected to culture and drug sensitivity testing, of which was isolated from 159 (94%) samples. Of the 159 isolates, 113 (71%) had resistance to ≥3 antimicrobial class. Resistance to tetracycline (86%) and ciprofloxacin (66%) were most prevalent. Overuse of antimicrobials, easy availability of antimicrobials, and lack of awareness among farmers about AMR were major issues contributing to AMR. The high prevalence of resistance among in chicken cecal samples calls for rational use of antimicrobials, educating farmers, and multi-sectoral coordination.

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