[Sodium, Potassium and Arterial Hypertension: What's New?]

High blood pressure is a public health problem, causing high morbidity and mortality. Its prevalence could exceed 1.5 billion of cases by 2025. High-salt diets have been recognized for several years as a major contributor to elevated blood pressure, with a curvilinear relationship between salt load and increased systolic and diastolic values. On the contrary, potassium is considered as protective, with lower blood pressure values in populations consuming a lot of fruits and vegetables. The World Health Organisation has established recommendations, with a target consumption of less than 218 mmol and more than 90 mmol per day, of salt and potassium, respectively. In this review article, we cover the most recent evidence allowing to sustain those recommendations.