Surfactant Proteins and Innate Immunity of Otitis Media

Overview

Journal Innate Immun

Publisher Sage Publications

Specialties Allergy & Immunology
Microbiology

Date 2022 Sep 7

PMID 36069032

Authors

Osama Abdel-Razek

Jason Audlin

Dennis S Poe

Guirong Wang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Otitis media (OM) is the most common disease among young children and one of the most frequent reasons to visit the pediatrician. Development of OM requires nasopharyngeal colonization by a pathogen which must gain access to the tympanic cavity through the eustachian tube (ET) along with being able to overcome the defense mechanisms of the immune system and middle ear mucosa. OM can be caused by viral or bacterial infection. The three main bacterial pathogens are , (NTHi), and Innate immunity is important in OM resolution as the disease occurs in very young children before the development of specific immunity. Elements of innate immunity include natural barriers and pattern recognition receptors such as Toll like receptors (TLRs), and Nod like receptors (NLRs). Surfactant proteins A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) act as pattern recognition receptors and are found in the lung and many other tissues including the ET and the middle ear where they probably function in host defense. Surfactant has a potential for use in the treatment of OM due to surface tension lowering function in the ET, and the possible immune functions of SP-D and SP-A in the middle ear and ET.

Citing Articles

Nrf2 orchestrates transition from acute to chronic otitis media through inflammatory macrophages.

Fan W, Xu H, Shen C, Fang J, Li X Front Immunol. 2023; 14:1170388.

PMID: 37122744 PMC: 10140394. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170388.

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