» Articles » PMID: 36015002

Retrospective Survival Analysis of Cats with Feline Infectious Peritonitis Treated with Polyprenyl Immunostimulant That Survived over 365 Days

Overview
Journal Pathogens
Date 2022 Aug 26
PMID 36015002
Authors
Affiliations
Soon will be listed here.
Abstract

Feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) remains a major diagnostic and treatment challenge in feline medicine. An ineffective immune response is an important component of FIP pathophysiology; hence treatment with an immune stimulant such as Polyprenyl Immunostimulant™ (PI), which enhances cell-mediated immunity by upregulating the innate immune response via Toll-like receptors, is a rational approach. Records of cats with FIP treated with PI orally for over 365 days were retrospectively studied. Of these cats (n = 174), records were obtained for n = 103 cats with appropriate clinical signs and clinical pathology. Of these, n = 29 had FIP confirmed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) or reverse transcription polymerase-chain-reaction (RT-PCR). Most of the cats (25/29; 86%) had non-effusive FIP, and only 4/29 cats (14%) had effusive FIP. The mean survival time (MST) was 2927 days (eight years); with 55% of the cats (16/29) still being alive at the time data collection, and 45% (13/29) having died. A persistently low hematocrit plus low albumin:globulin (A:G) ratio, despite treatment, was a negative prognostic indicator. It took a mean of ~182 days and ~375 days, respectively, for anemia and low A:G ratio to resolve in the cats that presented with these laboratory changes. This study shows that PI is beneficial in the treatment of FIP, and more studies are needed to establish the best protocols of use.

Citing Articles

Comparison of Antiviral Immune Responses in Healthy Cats Induced by Two Immune Therapeutics.

Cerna P, Dow S, Wheat W, Chow L, Hawley J, Lappin M Pathogens. 2024; 13(7).

PMID: 39057828 PMC: 11280254. DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13070602.


Feline Infectious Peritonitis: European Advisory Board on Cat Diseases Guidelines.

Tasker S, Addie D, Egberink H, Hofmann-Lehmann R, Hosie M, Truyen U Viruses. 2023; 15(9).

PMID: 37766254 PMC: 10535984. DOI: 10.3390/v15091847.


Retrospective study and outcome of 307 cats with feline infectious peritonitis treated with legally sourced veterinary compounded preparations of remdesivir and GS-441524 (2020-2022).

Taylor S, Coggins S, Barker E, Gunn-Moore D, Jeevaratnam K, Norris J J Feline Med Surg. 2023; 25(9):1098612X231194460.

PMID: 37732386 PMC: 10812036. DOI: 10.1177/1098612X231194460.


A Retrospective Comparative Evaluation of Selected Blood Cell Ratios, Acute Phase Proteins, and Leukocyte Changes Suggestive of Inflammation in Cats.

Donato G, Pennisi M, Persichetti M, Archer J, Masucci M Animals (Basel). 2023; 13(16).

PMID: 37627371 PMC: 10451877. DOI: 10.3390/ani13162579.

References
1.
Pedersen N, Perron M, Bannasch M, Montgomery E, Murakami E, Liepnieks M . Efficacy and safety of the nucleoside analog GS-441524 for treatment of cats with naturally occurring feline infectious peritonitis. J Feline Med Surg. 2019; 21(4):271-281. PMC: 6435921. DOI: 10.1177/1098612X19825701. View

2.
Dewerchin H, Cornelissen E, Nauwynck H . Feline infectious peritonitis virus-infected monocytes internalize viral membrane-bound proteins upon antibody addition. J Gen Virol. 2006; 87(Pt 6):1685-1690. DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.81692-0. View

3.
Marioni-Henry K, Vite C, Newton A, Van Winkle T . Prevalence of diseases of the spinal cord of cats. J Vet Intern Med. 2005; 18(6):851-8. DOI: 10.1892/0891-6640(2004)18<851:podots>2.0.co;2. View

4.
Watanabe R, Eckstrand C, Liu H, Pedersen N . Characterization of peritoneal cells from cats with experimentally-induced feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) using RNA-seq. Vet Res. 2018; 49(1):81. PMC: 6081860. DOI: 10.1186/s13567-018-0578-y. View

5.
Norris J, Bosward K, White J, Baral R, Catt M, Malik R . Clinicopathological findings associated with feline infectious peritonitis in Sydney, Australia: 42 cases (1990-2002). Aust Vet J. 2005; 83(11):666-73. PMC: 7159746. DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-0813.2005.tb13044.x. View