Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection and Hypoxic Cardiac Arrest-Coexistent or Causal? A Hypothesis-Generating Case Report

Overview

Journal Medicina (Kaunas)

Publisher MDPI

Specialty General Medicine

Date 2022 Aug 26

PMID 36013588

Authors

Sebastian Schnaubelt

Felix Eibensteiner

Marieke Merrelaar

Daniel Tihanyi

Robert Strassl

Christian Clodi

Hans Domanovits

Heidrun Losert

Michael Holzer

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a well-known pathogen in paediatric patients. However, it also causes substantial morbidity and mortality in adults, posing a major healthcare problem. We present a patient with chronic pulmonary conditions and an acute RSV infection, thus leading to cardiac arrest (CA). We speculate that RSV as the causative agent for CA should be considered in post-resuscitation care. From a wider public health perspective, immuno-naivety for RSV caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic may induce a severe rise in cases, morbidity, and mortality in the future.

References

Hall C, Long C, Schnabel K . Respiratory syncytial virus infections in previously healthy working adults. Clin Infect Dis. 2001; 33(6):792-6. DOI: 10.1086/322657. View

Baker R, Park S, Yang W, Vecchi G, Metcalf C, Grenfell B . The impact of COVID-19 nonpharmaceutical interventions on the future dynamics of endemic infections. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020; 117(48):30547-30553. PMC: 7720203. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2013182117. View

Cohen R, Ashman M, Taha M, Varon E, Angoulvant F, Levy C . Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP) position paper on the immune debt of the COVID-19 pandemic in childhood, how can we fill the immunity gap?. Infect Dis Now. 2021; 51(5):418-423. PMC: 8114587. DOI: 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.05.004. View

Volk T, Kox W . Endothelium function in sepsis. Inflamm Res. 2000; 49(5):185-98. PMC: 7095878. DOI: 10.1007/s000110050579. View

Mullooly J, Bridges C, Thompson W, Chen J, Weintraub E, Jackson L . Influenza- and RSV-associated hospitalizations among adults. Vaccine. 2006; 25(5):846-55. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.041. View

Falsey A, Walsh E . Respiratory Syncytial Virus: An Old Foe in a New Era. J Infect Dis. 2020; 222(8):1245-1246. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa362. View

Olsen S, Winn A, Budd A, Prill M, Steel J, Midgley C . Changes in Influenza and Other Respiratory Virus Activity During the COVID-19 Pandemic - United States, 2020-2021. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2021; 70(29):1013-1019. PMC: 8297694. DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7029a1. View

Hall C . Respiratory syncytial virus and parainfluenza virus. N Engl J Med. 2001; 344(25):1917-28. DOI: 10.1056/NEJM200106213442507. View

Falsey A . Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults. Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2007; 28(2):171-81. DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-976489. View

10.

Lott C, Truhlar A, Alfonzo A, Barelli A, Gonzalez-Salvado V, Hinkelbein J . European Resuscitation Council Guidelines 2021: Cardiac arrest in special circumstances. Resuscitation. 2021; 161:152-219. DOI: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2021.02.011. View

11.

Battles M, Langedijk J, Furmanova-Hollenstein P, Chaiwatpongsakorn S, Costello H, Kwanten L . Molecular mechanism of respiratory syncytial virus fusion inhibitors. Nat Chem Biol. 2015; 12(2):87-93. PMC: 4731865. DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1982. View

12.

Vekemans J, Moorthy V, Giersing B, Friede M, Hombach J, Arora N . Respiratory syncytial virus vaccine research and development: World Health Organization technological roadmap and preferred product characteristics. Vaccine. 2018; 37(50):7394-7395. DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.092. View

13.

Shang Z, Tan S, Ma D . Respiratory syncytial virus: from pathogenesis to potential therapeutic strategies. Int J Biol Sci. 2021; 17(14):4073-4091. PMC: 8495404. DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.64762. View

14.

Glinge C, Jabbari R, Tfelt-Hansen J . Virus infection as a trigger for sudden cardiac arrest. Int J Cardiol. 2018; 263:163-164. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.03.101. View

15.

Thompson W, Shay D, Weintraub E, Brammer L, Cox N, Anderson L . Mortality associated with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus in the United States. JAMA. 2003; 289(2):179-86. DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.2.179. View

16.

Tseng H, Sy L, Ackerson B, Solano Z, Slezak J, Luo Y . Severe Morbidity and Short- and Mid- to Long-term Mortality in Older Adults Hospitalized with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection. J Infect Dis. 2020; 222(8):1298-1310. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa361. View

17.

Walsh E, Peterson D, Falsey A . Is clinical recognition of respiratory syncytial virus infection in hospitalized elderly and high-risk adults possible?. J Infect Dis. 2007; 195(7):1046-51. DOI: 10.1086/511986. View

18.

Lai S, Merritt B, Chen L, Zhou X, Green L . Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis associated with influenza A (H1N1) infection in a patient with chronic lymphocytic leukemia: an autopsy case report and review of the literature. Ann Diagn Pathol. 2011; 16(6):477-84. DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2011.03.009. View

19.

Nam H, Ison M . Respiratory syncytial virus infection in adults. BMJ. 2019; 366:l5021. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.l5021. View

20.

Li Y, Wang X, Cong B, Deng S, Feikin D, Nair H . Understanding the Potential Drivers for Respiratory Syncytial Virus Rebound During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic. J Infect Dis. 2022; 225(6):957-964. PMC: 8807230. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab606. View