Effect of Dietary Inclusion of and Leaf Extracts on the Carcass Quality and Fatty Acid Composition of Lambs Fed High Forage Total Mixed Rations

Overview

Journal Animals (Basel)

Date 2022 Aug 26

PMID 36009629

Authors

Edward Cottington Webb

Abubeker Hassen

Michael Olanrewaju Olaniyi

Pamela Pophiwa

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

There is an increased interest in the use of medicinal plants as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters and as agents for methane production mitigation. This study investigated the effects of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera feed additives on the carcass and meat quality of lambs. Forty South African Mutton Merino lambs, weighing between 29 and 43 kg, were randomly assigned to four treatment groups (n = 10 lambs/treatment) and fed a basal total mixed ration (TMR) containing soybean meal (17%), yellow maize (28%), Alfalfa hay (20%), Eragrostis curvula hay (22.2%), molasses (6.0%), wheat offal (5%), urea (0.8%) and vitamin premix (0.5%) on a DM basis. The dietary treatments: TMR diet (control); TMR diet with A. indica leaf extract (A. indica leaf extract at a dosage of 50 mg per kg of feed: neem); TMR diet with M. oleifera leaf extract (M. oleifera leaf extract at a dosage of 50 mg per kg DM of feed: moringa); TMR diet with monensin (at a dosage of 50 mg monensin sodium per kg of feed: positive control). After an adaptation period of 10 days to the experimental conditions, the lambs from all treatment groups were fed ad libitum with the experimental diets. The lambs were slaughtered at a live weight of 60−65 kg after a 23 week trial period. The plant extract dietary additives had no significant effects on the carcass characteristics of the lambs. In comparison to monensin, supplementing with moringa leaf extracts resulted in a higher proportion of C18:1n9c (45.0% ± 0.57 vs. 40.5% ± 0.80; p < 0.05), total MUFAs (47.3% ± 0.66 vs. 42.6% ± 0.87; p < 0.05), and UFA:SFA ratio (1.01 ± 0.03 vs. 0.85 ± 0.03; p < 0.05), which may be beneficial for human health. Our results suggest that natural feed additives, such as A. indica and M. oleifera leaf extracts, can be included in lamb diets without compromising meat fatty acid composition. The negative economic impacts of such technologies on animal production and farm profitability should not be expected.

Citing Articles

Replacing alfalfa-based total mixed ration with Moringa leaves for improving carcass and meat quality characteristics in lambs.

Abdoun K, Suliman G, Alsagan A, Altahir O, Alsaiady M, Babiker E Heliyon. 2024; 10(17):e36863.

PMID: 39281562 PMC: 11396053. DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e36863.

The Effects of Composite Alkali-Stored Spent Substrate on Carcass Quality, Rumen Fermentation, and Rumen Microbial Diversity in Goats.

Qiu S, Li K, He X, Gu M, Jiang X, Lu J Animals (Basel). 2024; 14(1).

PMID: 38200897 PMC: 10778354. DOI: 10.3390/ani14010166.

Review of Feeding Systems Affecting Production, Carcass Attributes, and Meat Quality of Ovine and Caprine Species.

Ke T, Zhao M, Zhang X, Cheng Y, Sun Y, Wang P Life (Basel). 2023; 13(5).

PMID: 37240860 PMC: 10224127. DOI: 10.3390/life13051215.

Effects of Neem () Leaf Powder Supplementation on Rumen Fermentation, Feed Intake, Apparent Digestibility and Performance in Omani Sheep.

El-Zaiat H, Elshafie E, Al-Marzooqi W, Dughaishi K Animals (Basel). 2022; 12(22).

PMID: 36428374 PMC: 9687045. DOI: 10.3390/ani12223146.

References

McGaw L, Eloff J . Ethnoveterinary use of southern African plants and scientific evaluation of their medicinal properties. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008; 119(3):559-74. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.013. View

GUSTAFSON R . Use of antibiotics in livestock and human health concerns. J Dairy Sci. 1991; 74(4):1428-32. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78299-4. View

Troy D, Kerry J . Consumer perception and the role of science in the meat industry. Meat Sci. 2010; 86(1):214-26. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2010.05.009. View

Wegener H . Antibiotics in animal feed and their role in resistance development. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2003; 6(5):439-45. DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2003.09.009. View

Tshabalala P, Strydom P, Webb E, De Kock H . Meat quality of designated South African indigenous goat and sheep breeds. Meat Sci. 2011; 65(1):563-70. DOI: 10.1016/S0309-1740(02)00249-8. View

Falowo A, Mukumbo F, Idamokoro E, Lorenzo J, Afolayan A, Muchenje V . Multi-functional application of Moringa oleifera Lam. in nutrition and animal food products: A review. Food Res Int. 2018; 106:317-334. DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.12.079. View

Torrecilhas J, Ornaghi M, Passetti R, Mottin C, Guerrero A, Ramos T . Meat quality of young bulls finished in a feedlot and supplemented with clove or cinnamon essential oils. Meat Sci. 2021; 174:108412. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108412. View

Webb E, Casey N, Van Niekerk W . Fatty acids in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of intensively fed SA Mutton Merino and Dorper wethers. Meat Sci. 2011; 38(1):123-31. DOI: 10.1016/0309-1740(94)90101-5. View

Scott A, Beller E, Glasziou P, Clark J, Ranakusuma R, Byambasuren O . Is antimicrobial administration to food animals a direct threat to human health? A rapid systematic review. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2018; 52(3):316-323. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.005. View

10.

Scollan N, Hocquette J, Nuernberg K, Dannenberger D, Richardson I, Moloney A . Innovations in beef production systems that enhance the nutritional and health value of beef lipids and their relationship with meat quality. Meat Sci. 2011; 74(1):17-33. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2006.05.002. View

11.

Jena A, Karan M, Vasisht K . Plant parts substitution based approach as a viable conservation strategy for medicinal plants: A case study of Premna latifolia Roxb. J Ayurveda Integr Med. 2017; 8(2):68-72. PMC: 5496984. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2016.11.003. View

12.

Rufino-Moya P, Joy M, Lobon S, Bertolin J, Blanco M . Carotenoids and Liposoluble Vitamins in the Plasma and Tissues of Light Lambs Given Different Maternal Feedings and Fattening Concentrates. Animals (Basel). 2020; 10(10). PMC: 7601028. DOI: 10.3390/ani10101813. View

13.

Realini C, Pavan E, Johnson P, Font-I-Furnols M, Jacob N, Agnew M . Consumer liking of M. longissimus lumborum from New Zealand pasture-finished lamb is influenced by intramuscular fat. Meat Sci. 2020; 173:108380. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2020.108380. View

14.

Van Soest P, Robertson J, Lewis B . Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and nonstarch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991; 74(10):3583-97. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2. View

15.

Huerta-Leidenz N, Cross H, Savell J, Lunt D, Baker J, Pelton L . Comparison of the fatty acid composition of subcutaneous adipose tissue from mature Brahman and Hereford cows. J Anim Sci. 1993; 71(3):625-30. DOI: 10.2527/1993.713625x. View

16.

Folch J, Lees M, SLOANE STANLEY G . A simple method for the isolation and purification of total lipides from animal tissues. J Biol Chem. 1957; 226(1):497-509. View

17.

Vasta V, Daghio M, Cappucci A, Buccioni A, Serra A, Viti C . Invited review: Plant polyphenols and rumen microbiota responsible for fatty acid biohydrogenation, fiber digestion, and methane emission: Experimental evidence and methodological approaches. J Dairy Sci. 2019; 102(5):3781-3804. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14985. View

18.

Phillips I . Withdrawal of growth-promoting antibiotics in Europe and its effects in relation to human health. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2007; 30(2):101-7. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.02.018. View

19.

Dian P, Andueza D, Jestin M, Prado I, Prache S . Comparison of visible and near infrared reflectance spectroscopy to discriminate between pasture-fed and concentrate-fed lamb carcasses. Meat Sci. 2011; 80(4):1157-64. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.05.009. View

20.

Webb E, ONeill H . The animal fat paradox and meat quality. Meat Sci. 2011; 80(1):28-36. DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2008.05.029. View