Effects of Polymeric Media-Coated Gynosaponin on Microbial Abundance, Rumen Fermentation Properties and Methanogenesis in Xinjiang Goats

Overview

Journal Animals (Basel)

Date 2022 Aug 26

PMID 36009625

Authors

Peng Li

Irum Mohd Mehmood

Wei Chen

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Gynosaponin is known to modulate rumen methanogenesis and microbial fermentation characteristics in ruminants. The current experiment aimed to determine the time-dependent effects of intraruminal polymeric media-coated gynosaponin (PMCG) supplementation on the methanogenesis, rumen fermentation properties and microbial abundance in Xinjiang goats. Eight goats were used in a 2 × 2 crossover arrangement with a PMCG group (8 g/kg DMI) and a control group (0 g/kg DMI). The experiment was divided into four phases, each lasted 21 d. Ruminal contents were obtained for analysis of rumen fermentation properties and microbial abundance. Protozoa numbers were counted by microscope and the abundance of methanogens, rumen fungi and cellulolytic bacteria were quantified by real-time PCR. The results indicated that PMCG significantly reduced methane production (p < 0.05) during the first two phases but this increased to baseline again during the last two phases. Meanwhile, the concentration of acetate decreased remarkably, which resulted in a significant reduction in the acetate to propionate ratio and total VFA concentration (p < 0.05). However, other rumen properties and dry matter intake were not affected (p > 0.05). During the first and second phases, the protozoa numbers and gene copies of methanogens, total bacteria and F. succinogens relative to the 16 s rDNA were all slightly decreased, but the statistical results were not significant. However, the ruminal supplementation of PMCG had little effect on other tested microbes. Accordingly, it was concluded that the addition of PMCG had an inhibitory effect on methane production probably due to a decline in methanogen numbers.

References

Guo Y, Liu J, Lu Y, Zhu W, Denman S, McSweeney C . Effect of tea saponin on methanogenesis, microbial community structure and expression of mcrA gene, in cultures of rumen micro-organisms. Lett Appl Microbiol. 2009; 47(5):421-6. DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765X.2008.02459.x. View

Busquet M, Calsamiglia S, Ferret A, Carro M, Kamel C . Effect of garlic oil and four of its compounds on rumen microbial fermentation. J Dairy Sci. 2005; 88(12):4393-404. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(05)73126-X. View

Zhu W, Kingston-Smith A, Troncoso D, Merry R, Davies D, Pichard G . Evidence of a role for plant proteases in the degradation of herbage proteins in the rumen of grazing cattle. J Dairy Sci. 2000; 82(12):2651-8. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75522-0. View

Chen J, Weimer P . Competition among three predominant ruminal cellulolytic bacteria in the absence or presence of non-cellulolytic bacteria. Microbiology (Reading). 2001; 147(Pt 1):21-30. DOI: 10.1099/00221287-147-1-21. View

Benchaar C, Petit H, Berthiaume R, Ouellet D, Chiquette J, Chouinard P . Effects of essential oils on digestion, ruminal fermentation, rumen microbial populations, milk production, and milk composition in dairy cows fed alfalfa silage or corn silage. J Dairy Sci. 2007; 90(2):886-97. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(07)71572-2. View

Hristov A, McAllister T, Van Herk F, Cheng K, Newbold C, Cheeke P . Effect of Yucca schidigera on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestion in heifers. J Anim Sci. 1999; 77(9):2554-63. DOI: 10.2527/1999.7792554x. View

Ahmed E, Yano R, Fujimori M, Kand D, Hanada M, Nishida T . Impacts of Mootral on Methane Production, Rumen Fermentation, and Microbial Community in an Study. Front Vet Sci. 2021; 7:623817. PMC: 7863759. DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.623817. View

Patra A, Saxena J . Dietary phytochemicals as rumen modifiers: a review of the effects on microbial populations. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2009; 96(4):363-75. DOI: 10.1007/s10482-009-9364-1. View

Kamada N, Chen G, Inohara N, Nunez G . Control of pathogens and pathobionts by the gut microbiota. Nat Immunol. 2013; 14(7):685-90. PMC: 4083503. DOI: 10.1038/ni.2608. View

10.

Wang Y, McAllister T, Yanke L, Cheeke P . Effect of steroidal saponin from Yucca schidigera extract on ruminal microbes. J Appl Microbiol. 2000; 88(5):887-96. DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2672.2000.01054.x. View

11.

Valdez F, BUSH L, Goetsch A, Owens F . Effect of steroidal sapogenins on ruminal fermentation and on production of lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci. 1986; 69(6):1568-75. DOI: 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(86)80573-2. View

12.

Denman S, Tomkins N, McSweeney C . Quantitation and diversity analysis of ruminal methanogenic populations in response to the antimethanogenic compound bromochloromethane. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2007; 62(3):313-22. DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2007.00394.x. View

13.

Goel G, Makkar H, Becker K . Changes in microbial community structure, methanogenesis and rumen fermentation in response to saponin-rich fractions from different plant materials. J Appl Microbiol. 2008; 105(3):770-7. DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03818.x. View

14.

Beauchemin K, McGinn S, Martinez T, McAllister T . Use of condensed tannin extract from quebracho trees to reduce methane emissions from cattle. J Anim Sci. 2007; 85(8):1990-6. DOI: 10.2527/jas.2006-686. View

15.

Manatbay B, Cheng Y, Mao S, Zhu W . Effect of Gynosaponin on Rumen In vitro Methanogenesis under Different Forage-Concentrate Ratios. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2014; 27(8):1088-97. PMC: 4109864. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2013.13714. View

16.

Klita P, Mathison G, Fenton T, Hardin R . Effects of alfalfa root saponins on digestive function in sheep. J Anim Sci. 1996; 74(5):1144-56. DOI: 10.2527/1996.7451144x. View

17.

Bhatta R, Uyeno Y, Tajima K, Takenaka A, Yabumoto Y, Nonaka I . Difference in the nature of tannins on in vitro ruminal methane and volatile fatty acid production and on methanogenic archaea and protozoal populations. J Dairy Sci. 2009; 92(11):5512-22. DOI: 10.3168/jds.2008-1441. View

18.

Finlay B, Esteban G, Clarke K, Williams A, Embley T, Hirt R . Some rumen ciliates have endosymbiotic methanogens. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1994; 117(2):157-61. DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1994.tb06758.x. View

19.

Jayanegara A, Wina E, Takahashi J . Meta-analysis on Methane Mitigating Properties of Saponin-rich Sources in the Rumen: Influence of Addition Levels and Plant Sources. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci. 2014; 27(10):1426-35. PMC: 4150175. DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2014.14086. View

20.

Wright A, Ma X, Obispo N . Methanobrevibacter phylotypes are the dominant methanogens in sheep from Venezuela. Microb Ecol. 2008; 56(2):390-4. DOI: 10.1007/s00248-007-9351-x. View