Grape Seed Proanthocyanidins Exert a Neuroprotective Effect by Regulating Microglial M1/M2 Polarisation in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury

Overview

Journal Mediators Inflamm

Publisher Wiley

Specialties Biochemistry
Pathology

Date 2022 Aug 15

PMID 35966334

Authors

Wen-Zhao Liu

Zhan-Jun Ma

Ji-He Kang

Ai-Xin Lin

Zhao-Heng Wang

Hai-Wei Chen

Xu-Dong Guo

Xue-Gang He

Xue-Wen Kang

Affiliations

Soon will be listed here.

Abstract

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a highly disabling disorder for which few effective treatments are available. Grape seed proanthocyanidins (GSPs) are polyphenolic compounds with various biological activities. In our preliminary experiment, GSP promoted functional recovery in rats with SCI, but the mechanism remains unclear. Therefore, we explored the protective effects of GSP on SCI and its possible underlying mechanisms. We found that GSP promoted locomotor recovery, reduced neuronal apoptosis, increased neuronal preservation, and regulated microglial polarisation . We also performed studies to verify the effects of GSP on neuronal protection and microglial polarisation and their potential mechanisms. We found that GSP regulated microglial polarisation and inhibited apoptosis in PC12 cells induced by M1-BV2 cells through the Toll-like receptor 4- (TLR4-) mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-B) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine threonine kinase (PI3K/AKT) signaling pathways. This suggests that GSP regulates microglial polarisation and prevents neuronal apoptosis, possibly by the TLR4-mediated NF-B and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways.

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